生物源性材料在膀胱再生修复中的研究进展

Application and progress of bio-derived materials in bladder regeneration and repair

目的对生物源性材料用于膀胱再生修复的研究进展进行综述。方法广泛查阅近年来国内外生物源性材料在膀胱再生修复中的相关研究,从生物源性材料分类、构型优化工艺、促组织再生策略以及相关临床研究等方面进行总结分析。结果应用于膀胱再生修复的生物源性材料种类丰富,其具有低免疫原性、高诱导活性的特点。表面修饰、凝胶化等构型优化工艺拓宽了生物源性材料的应用形式,有效解决了膀胱再生修复过程中可能引发的诸如穿孔、结石等并发症。针对膀胱上皮、平滑肌、血管和神经再生,生物源性材料促组织再生策略为实现膀胱功能性再生修复提供了新思路。生物源性材料在膀胱再生修复中具有较大的应用前景,但目前相关材料的临床试验结果并不理想。结论生物源性材料因其良好的生物相容性、低免疫原性及可降解特性在膀胱再生修复研究中应用广泛,但也面临一系列问题,目前仍无商品化膀胱组织工程移植物应用于临床治疗。

Objective To summarize the research progress of bio-derived materials used for bladder regeneration and repair.Methods The recent domestic and foreign sutudies on bio-derived materials used for bladder regeneration and repair,including classification,morphology optimization process,tissue regeneration strategies,and relevant clinical trials,were summarized and analyzed.Results Numerous types of bio-derived materials are employed in bladder regeneration and repair,characterized by their low immunogenicity and high inducible activity.Surface modification,gelation,and other morphology optimization process have significantly broadened the application scope of bio-derived materials.These advancements have effectively addressed complications,such as perforation and urolith formation,that may arise during bladder regeneration and repair.The strategy of tissue regeneration utilizing bio-derived materials,targeting the regeneration of bladder epithelium,smooth muscle,blood vessels,and nerves,offers a novel approach to achieving functional regeneration of bladder.Bio-derived materials show great promise for use in bladder regeneration and repair,yet the results from clinical trials with these materials have been less than satisfactory.Conclusion Bio-derived materials are widely used in bladder regeneration and repair due to the good biocompatibility,low immunogenicity,and degradable properties,yet face a series of problems,and there are no commercialized bladder tissue engineering grafts used in clinical treatment.