影响深远的时代转折Ⅴ建筑师的科学情怀:金兹堡的韵律与勒・柯布西耶的模度理论

A Profound Turn of TimesⅤArchitect's Scientific Sentiment:Ginzburg's Rhythm and Le Corbusier's Metric Theory

从古希腊到文艺复兴、启蒙运动,以及19、20世纪学者们对黄金分割的研究,我们可以看到建筑师们对建筑的科学情怀,甚至从建筑出生的那一刻起,人们对其比例和尺度的深入研究就从未停歇过。20世纪初,随着工业革命的到来,整个社会的思想、面貌发生了翻天覆地的变化,建筑师们开始探索用更加科学、合理的方式来综合表现建筑感性与理性的结合,进而诞生了一系列关于建筑理论著作的探讨和相关建筑作品的实验,如金兹堡《建筑中的韵律》、勒·柯布西耶的《模度》等等,都是这一时期具有划时代意义的建筑思索的产物,展现了他们对建筑造型方法的归纳总结和创新实践。1951年勒·柯布西耶在意大利米兰第一次公开陈述其系统化、结构化的建筑尺度系统——模度,它与《模度》理论著作震惊了当时的建筑界,也引起科学界的广泛关注。本文旨在分析金兹堡的建筑韵律及其在实践中的应用,探究其演进过程和形成原因,以及对后来柯布西耶模度理论及建筑创作的影响,借此引导当下对建筑比例和尺度的思考,探讨其在当今建筑创作中的作用与意义。

From Ancient Greece to the Renaissance,the Enlightenment,as well as the 19th and 20th century scholars on the golden section of the research we can see the architects of the building's scientific sentiments,and even from the moment of the birth of the building,the people of the proportion and scale of the in-depth study has never ceased.At the beginning of the 20th century,with the arrival of the industrial revolution,the whole society's thinking and outlook changed drastically,architects began to explore a more scientific and rational way to comprehensively express the combination of architectural sensibility and rationality,which gave birth to a series of architectural theoretical writings and experiments on related architectural works,such as Ginzburg's"Rhyme in Architecture",Le Corbusier's"Modulor"and so on,which are all epoch-making works of this period.These are the products of epoch-making architectural thinking in this period,showing their summarization and innovative practice of architectural modelling methods.In 1951,Le Corbusier made the first public presentation of his systematic and structured architectural scale system,Modulor,in Milan,Italy,which,together with the theoretical work of Modulor,shocked the architectural world at that time and attracted extensive attention from the scientific community.The purpose of this paper is to analyze Ginzburg's study of architectural rhythm and its application in practice,to explore its evolution and reasons for its formation,as well as its influence on Corbusier's theory of Modulor and architectural creation,so as to guide current thinking about architectural proportion and scale,and to explore its role and significance in today's architectural creation.