基于纳米材料的可控组装策略和刺激响应型传感机制用于恶性肿瘤的靶向精准治疗研究

Controlled assembly strategy and stimuli-responsive sensing mechanism based on nanomaterials for targeted and precise treatment of malignant tumors

近几十年来,纳米材料在各个领域得到了广泛的应用,基于纳米材料的诊疗探针为癌症精准治疗带来了巨大的前景和机遇.近年来,本课题组通过研究纳米材料的可控生长和组装策略,构建了多种灵活的药物载体,并发展新型的刺激响应型生物传感体系,用于肿瘤的化疗、光动力治疗、光热治疗和基因治疗.在化疗方面,通过在上转换纳米颗粒、碳纳米管和Janus纳米粒子表面修饰DNA或RNA纳米结构构建复合药物载体,或利用核酸自组装形成的三维(3D)纳米结构构建药物递送系统,实现肿瘤的靶向治疗和药物的可控释放.在光动力治疗方面,建立了基于上转换纳米颗粒的新型光动力纳米治疗剂,它具有更高的能量传递效率和更多的活性氧的产量.在光热治疗方面,构建了多种新型复合纳米材料来提高光热转换能力.最后,还考察了纳米材料在肿瘤基因治疗方面的应用潜力.综上,本课题组基于纳米材料的可控生长和组装策略构建了多种诊疗探针,构建了刺激响应型生物传感体系,并验证了诊疗探针在恶性肿瘤靶向精准治疗中的应用潜力.

In recent decades,nanomaterials have been widely used in various fields.Diagnostic and therapeutic probes based on nanomaterials have brought enormous prospects and opportunities for precise cancer treatment.Recently,our research team has constructed various flexible drug carriers and developed new stimuli-responsive biosensing systems for tumor chemotherapy,photodynamic therapy,photothermal therapy,and gene therapy by studying the controllable growth and assembly strategies of nanomaterials.In the term of chemotherapy,our group constructed composite drug carriers by modifying DNA or RNA nanostructures on the surface of upconversion nanoparticles,carbon nanotubes,and Janus nanoparticles,or constructing drug delivery systems using 3D nanostructures formed by nucleic acid selfassembly to achieve targeted therapy of tumors and controllable drug release.In terms of photodynamic therapy,our group has also established a new type of photodynamic nano-therapeutic agent based on upconversion nanoparticles,which has higher energy transfer efficiency and higher production of reactive oxygen species.In terms of photothermal therapy,our group has constructed various new composite nanomaterials to improve the photothermal conversion ability.Finally,our group has also examined the potential application of nanomaterials in tumor gene therapy.In summary,our research group has constructed various diagnostic and therapeutic probes based on the controllable growth and assembly strategy of nanomaterials,developed a stimuli-responsive biosensing system,and verified its potential applications in targeted and precise treatment of malignant tumors.