基于合作博弈的选煤厂粉尘职业危害评估及分级管理研究

Occupational Hazard Evaluation of Dust in Coal Preparation Plant Based on Cooperative Game and Classification Management

露天矿选煤厂粉尘逐渐成为制约选煤厂高效、安全、环保发展的核心危害因素之一,为对选煤厂粉尘作业场所进行科学合理的评价,考虑到选煤厂粉尘危害的现状与评估方法的模糊性赋权特点,引入灰色层次分析法与合作博弈赋权技术,构建了选煤厂粉尘职业危害综合评估模型。以新疆准东露天矿某选煤厂为工程实例,首先,分析选煤厂典型尘源与产尘机制,从选煤厂职防管理、选煤厂矿工状况、选煤厂环境状况、选煤厂职防措施等4个方面构建选煤厂职业危害评估指标体系。其次,基于合作博弈组合运用改进的层次分析法与熵权法确定各指标的综合权重系数。最后,利用灰色模糊技术对选煤厂粉尘危害进行分级评估。研究表明,合作博弈赋权技术可有效消除主观随机性和客观单一性误差,粉尘职业危害评估结果与实际职防评估结果一致,所建评估模型具有一定的科学性与可操作性。

Dust in open-pit coal preparation plant has gradually become one of the core hazard factors that restrict the efficient,safe and environmental protection development of coal preparation plant.In order to evaluate the dust workplace of coal preparation plant scientifically and reasonably,considering the current situation of dust hazard in coal preparation plant and the fuzziness of evaluation method,the grey analytic hierarchy process and cooperative game weighting technology were introduced to construct the comprehensive evaluation model of dust occupational hazard in coal preparation plant.Taking a open-pit coal preparation plant in Zhundong,Xinjiang as an engineering example,firstly,the typical dust source and dust production mechanism of the coal preparation plant were analyzed,and the occupational hazard evaluation index system of the coal preparation plant was constructed from four aspects:the occupational prevention management of the coal preparation plant,the miners'status of the coal preparation plant,the environmental status of the coal preparation plant and the ocupational prevention measures of the coal preparation plant.Secondly,based on the cooperative game,the improved analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method were combined to determine the comprehensive weight coefficient of each index.Finally,the grey fuzzy technology was used to classify and evaluate the dust hazard of the coal preparation plant.The research shows that the cooperative game weighting technology can effectively eliminate subjective randomness and objective singularity errors.The dust occupational hazard evaluation results are consistent with the actual occupational prevention evaluation results.The evaluation model has certain scientificity and operability.