石墨烯基复合材料光催化降解废水有机污染物的研究进展

Research progress on photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater by graphene-based composites

光催化降解是快速高效处理废水中有机污染物的方法之一。石墨烯具有优异的电子传导性、宽的光吸收范围、大的比表面积和高吸附容量,与金属、金属氧化物、聚合物和其他化合物形成复合材料后,极大地提高了复合材料的光催化活性,可以更加高效地降解废水有机污染物。系统概述了石墨烯基复合材料的主要合成方法,石墨烯基复合材料在废水有机污染物去除中的应用;探讨了半导体光催化材料掺杂石墨烯后催化性能的提升及石墨烯强化复合光催化剂的机理,主要包括增加对有机污染物的吸附能力,加快电子迁移速率,拓宽光的吸收波长和强度;最后分析了石墨烯基复合材料目前存在的问题,指出了未来的发展方向。

Photocatalytic degradation is one of the fast and efficient methods for the treatment of organic pollutants in wastewater.Graphene-based composites,due to exceptional electronic conductivity,broad light absorption spectrum,large specific surface area,and high adsorption capacity,significantly enhance the photocatalytic activity when graphene was combined with metals,metal oxides,polymers,and other compounds,resulting in more efficient degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater.The review systematically outlined the primary synthesis methods of graphene-based composite materials and their applications in the removal of organic pollutants from wastewater.The enhancement of catalytic performance in semiconductor photocatalytic materials doped with graphene and the mechanisms of composite pho⁃tocatalysts enhanced by graphene were discussed.The mechanisms involved enhancing adsorption of organic pollutants,accelerating electron transfer rates,and broadening the range and intensity of light absorption.Finally,the existing problems of graphene-based composites were analyzed,and the future development direction was pointed out.