花生机械化种植技术

Mechanized Cultivation Technology of Peanut

在分析花生从耕种到收获全过程中机械化操作流程与技术应用的基础上,包括土地准备、播种、植保、收获、脱壳等环节的机械化技术,强调了深耕、机械化播种和收获的关键作用,分析了深耕深度的调整、播种深度与密度的优化、病虫害防治以及机械化收获设备选择等技术。归纳了目前花生机械化种植中存在的主要问题,包括联合收获机的性能不足、花生品种不适合机械化收获、捡拾机械缺乏等。最后提出改进机械设备、选育适合机械化的品种和优化种植模式的对策。

Based on analysis of full mechanized operation process and technical application of peanuts cultivation including field preparation,sowing,plant protection,harvesting,peanut shelling,key details of deep plowing,mechanized sowing and harvesting,depth adjustment of deep plowing,optimization of sowing depth and density,pest control,selection of mechanized harvesting equipment were particularly emphasized.Main problems in current mechanized planting of peanut including insufficient performance of combine harvesters,unsuitable peanut varieties for mechanized harvesting and lack of picking machinery were summarized.Finally,measures such as to improve mechanical equipment,select varieties suitable for mechanization and optimize planting modes were proposed.