斑蝥黄通过缓解卵巢氧化应激损伤增强生殖激素分泌对怀乡鸡产蛋率的影响

Effects of canthaxanthin in increasing reproductive hormone secretion through reducing ovarian oxidative stress injury on egg production rate of Huaixiang chickens

360只26周怀乡母鸡随机分为10组,其中,常温下饲养5组(NC、NT1、NT2、NT3、NT4),高温条件下饲养5组(HC、HT1、HT2、HT3、HT4),分别在基础日粮中添加0、4、6、8、10 mg/kg斑蝥黄(canthaxanthin,CX)。预试期2周,正试期9周。结果显示,高温均降低了怀乡母鸡产蛋率(P<0.05),导致卵巢损伤出血严重,降低了血清与卵巢的超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)的活力(P<0.05),降低了卵巢FSH、LH、P_(4)、E_(2)水平(P<0.05),降低了卵巢FSHR、LHR、ER、PR mRNA的表达量(P<0.05),提高了卵巢丙二醛(malonaldehyde,MDA)的含量(P<0.05);在常温与高温环境添加CX均提高了产蛋率(P<0.05),提高了血清与卵巢SOD、GSH-Px酶的活力(P<0.05),降低了血清与卵巢MDA的含量(P<0.05),提高了卵巢FSH、LH、P_(4)、E_(2)水平及FSHR、LHR、ER、PR mRNA的表达量(P<0.05);其中,常温日粮中添加6 mg/kg CX和高温日粮中添加8 mg/kg CX产蛋率最高,血清和卵巢组织抗氧化能力最强,卵巢组织的完整性最好,卵巢生殖激素分泌及生殖激素受体表达均较好。结果表明,在常温和高温条件下,日粮中添加CX均显著提高血清和卵巢的抗氧化能力,缓解卵巢损伤,促进生殖激素的分泌及生殖激素受体表达,提高产蛋率;在高温环境前中后期日粮添加CX,对卵巢组织损伤修复、生殖激素分泌、受体均未恢复到常温水平;CX对鸡产蛋率、卵巢组织结构、生殖激素及受体表达的作用受温度影响,高温条件使产蛋率、卵巢组织抗氧化能力、生殖激素水平及受体表达最佳值的CX添加剂量要高于常温条件相应指标最大值的CX添加剂量。

A total of 360 healthy 26 week old Huaixiang hens were randomly divided into 10 groups,of which,five groups were reared at normal temperature(NC,NT1,NT2,NT3,NT4)and other five groups were reared at high temperature(HC,HT1,HT2,HT3,HT4),all chickens were feed with 0,4,6,8,10 mg/kg canthaxanthin(CX)respectively.The pre-test period was 2 weeks and the main test period was 9 weeks.The results showed that high temperature reduced the egg production rate(P<0.05),led to damage and hemorrhage in the ovaries,decreased the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in the serum and the ovaries(P<0.05),decreased the levels of FSH,LH,P_(4),and E_(2)(P<0.05),decreased the expression of FSHR,LHR,ER,and PR(P<0.05),and increased the levels of malonaldehyde(MDA)(P<0.05)in the ovaries.Addition of CX increased the egg production rate(P<0.05),increased the activity of serum and ovarian SOD and GSH-Px enzymes(P<0.05),decreased the content of serum and ovarian MDA(P<0.05),increased the ovarian levels of FSH,LH,P4,E2(P<0.05),and increased the ovarian expression of FSHR,LHR,ER,and PR(P<0.05)in Huaixiang chickens at normal and high temperature environmental conditions,respectively.Among them,the highest egg production rate,the strongest antioxidant capacity of serum and ovarian tissues,the best integrity of ovarian tissues,ovarian reproductive hormone secretion and expression of reproductive hormone receptors were observed in Huaixiang chickens when 6 mg/kg of CX was added to the diet under normal temperature and when 8mg/kg CX was added to the diet under high temperature conditions.The results showed that under normal and high temperature conditions,adding CX to the diet significantly increased the antioxidant capacity of serum and ovaries,alleviated the damage of ovary,promoted the secretion of reproductive hormone and the expression of reproductive hormone receptors,and increased egg production rate.Dietary supplemented with CX could not restore the damage and repair of ovarian tissue,the secretion of reproductive hormone and receptor to normal temperature level.The effects of CX on egg production rate,ovarian tissue structure,reproductive hormone and receptor expression in chickens were affected by the environmental temperature.When the egg production rate,antioxidant capacity of ovarian tissues,reproductive hormone levels and receptor expression of Huaixiang chickens were optimal,the amount of CX in high temperature environment was more than that of the dose in normal temperature environment.