不同方式shaker训练过程中健康成人舌骨肌群激活程度的差异

Effects of different forms of shaker exercises on hyoid muscles activation in healthy adults

背景:Shaker训练可增强舌骨肌群的收缩力,对口咽性吞咽障碍的治疗效果显著。Shaker训练应通过颈前部主要发力以达到训练舌骨肌群的目的,但患者常因疲劳易导致腹部发力代偿,不同发力方式的shaker训练对健康成人舌骨肌群激活程度的影响目前尚不明确。目的:探讨不同发力方式的shaker训练对健康成人舌骨肌群激活程度的影响。方法:纳入20名健康成人受试者(男10名、女10名),平均年龄为(26.8±3.4)岁。使其按照顺序分别采用颈前部与腹部主要发力进行shaker训练的等长运动,同时实时采集舌骨上、下肌群及腹直肌活动的表面肌电信号,并在训练结束后采用Borg自觉疲劳量表对每种发力方式的疲劳程度进行评估。对原始肌电信号进行一系列处理后,计算舌骨上、下肌群和腹直肌在60 s运动窗口内的峰值振幅和/或平均振幅值并进行对比分析,同时比较两种发力方式所对应主观疲劳评分的差异。结果与结论:①腹部发力所对应腹直肌平均振幅值高于颈部发力(P<0.05);②两种发力方式相比,舌骨上肌群的平均振幅、峰值振幅以及舌骨下肌群的平均振幅、峰值振幅均未见显著差异(P>0.05),Borg自觉疲劳量表评分在两种发力方式之间亦未见显著差异(P>0.05);③结果提示,不同发力方式(颈前部和腹部)的shaker训练对健康成人舌骨肌群激活程度的影响没有显著差异,且疲劳感相似。

BACKGROUND:Shaker exercise can enhance the contraction force of the hyoid muscles,which is effective in the treatment of oropharyngeal dysphagia.Shaker exercise should be performed through the main force of the anterior cervical region to train the hyoid muscles.However,patients often experience physical fatigue,leading to compensatory abdominal force exertion.Moreover,the effect of different forms of shaker exercises on the activation of the hyoid muscles in healthy adults is currently unknown.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of shaker exercises with varying force on the activation of the hyoid muscles in healthy adults.METHODS:Twenty healthy adults,including 10 males and 10 females with a mean age of(26.8±3.4)years were recruited as participants for the study.They performed isometric movements of the shaker exercise in the anterior neck and abdominal force modes in sequence.Simultaneously,real-time surface electromyography data were collected from the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles and rectus abdominis muscle.At the end of the experiment,participants were asked to rate the physical exertion levels for each type of force using the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale at the end of the training.Following a series of processing of the original electromyography signals,the peak amplitude and/or average amplitude values of the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles and rectus abdominis in the 60-second movement window were calculated and compared,and the differences in the subjective fatigue scores corresponding to the two force modes were compared.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The average amplitude of the rectus abdominis muscle in the abdominal force mode was found to be higher than that in the neck force mode(P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences in the mean and peak amplitudes between the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles in the two force modes(P>0.05).There was also no significant difference in the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion Scale scores in the two force modes(P>0.05).These findings suggest that shaker exercises with different force modes(anterior neck and abdomen)have minimal impact on the hyoid muscles and similar feeling of fatigue in healthy adults.