地特胰岛素与精蛋白人胰岛素治疗妊娠期糖尿病的疗效及对患者血糖水平的影响

Efficacy of Insulin Detemir and Protamine Human Insulin in the Treat⁃ment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and the Effects on Blood Glucose Levels

目的分析地特胰岛素与精蛋白人胰岛素治疗妊娠期糖尿病的疗效及对患者血糖水平的影响。方法回顾性选取2023年2月—2024年3月泉州市第一医院收治的110例妊娠期糖尿病患者的临床资料,根据治疗方式的不同分为两组,各55例。对照组皮下注射精蛋白人胰岛素,研究组皮下注射地特胰岛素,对比两组临床疗效、血糖水平、胰岛功能及不良反应发生率。结果研究组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗后,研究组糖化血红蛋白、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。治疗后,研究组胰岛β功能指数高于对照组,胰岛素抵抗指数低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论地特胰岛素在治疗妊娠期糖尿病方面具有长效平稳降糖效果,能够改善胰岛功能及降低不良反应发生风险。

Objective To analyze the efficacy of insulin detemir and protamine human insulin in the treatment of ges⁃tational diabetes mellitus and the effect on blood glucose levels.Methods The clinical data of 110 patients with gesta⁃tional diabetes mellitus admitted to the Quanzhou First Hospital from February 2023 to March 2024 were retrospec⁃tively selected and divided into two groups according to different treatment methods,with 55 cases in each group.The control group was subcutaneously injected with protamine human insulin insulin,and the study group was subcutane⁃ously injected with insulin detemir.The clinical efficacy,blood glucose levels,islet function and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the study group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of gly⁃coated hemoglobin A1c,fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose in the study group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).After treatment,the isletβfunction index of the study group was higher than that of the control group,and the insulin resistance index was lower than that of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(both P<0.05).The incidence of ad⁃verse reactions in the study group was lower than that in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Insulin detemir has a long-term and stable hypoglycemic effect in the treatment of gestational diabetes,which can improve islet function and reduce the risk of adverse reactions.