数据要素发展水平的地区差异、分布动态及障碍因子诊断

Regional Differences,Distribution Dynamics and Obstacle Factor Diagnosis of Data Element Development Level

文章基于2011—2021年中国31个省份的面板数据,构建数据要素发展水平评价指标体系并利用熵值法测度数据要素发展水平,综合运用多种计量分析方法探究数据要素发展水平的地区差异、分布动态以及影响其提升的主要障碍因子。结果表明:在研究期内,中国数据要素发展水平总体呈现上升趋势,但发展水平相对较低,且存在地区差异,三大地区呈现东、中、西部地区依次降低的特征;基尼系数测度结果表明,数据要素发展水平的不均衡现象有轻微的缓解,基尼系数分解结果表明,数据要素发展水平地区差异的主要来源是地区间差异;在东部、中部、西部地区,影响数据要素发展水平提升的主要障碍因子大多集中在数据处理与维护、数据应用与效益、数据基础设施3个维度。

Based on the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2011 to 2021,this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the development level of data elements,then uses the entropy method to measure the development level of data elements,and finally comprehensively adopts multiple econometric analysis methods to explore the regional differences,distribution dynamics of the development level of data elements,and main obstacles affecting the improvement of development level of data elements.The results are shown as the following:During the study period,the overall development level of data elements in China shows an upward trend,but the development level is relatively low and there are regional differences,showing a gradually decreasing trend from the east to the central region to the west.The measurement results of the Gini coefficient find that the imbalance in the development level of data elements has slightly alleviated.The decomposition results of the Gini coefficient show that the main source of regional differences in the development level of data elements is inter-regional differences.In the eastern,central,and western regions,the main obstacle factors affecting the improvement of the development level of data elements are mostly concentrated in three dimensions:data processing and maintenance,data application and benefit,and data infrastructure.