骨质疏松症患者MRI脂肪定量参数联合25-羟基维生素D预测骨折风险的价值

Value of MRI fat quantification parameter combined with 25⁃hydroxyvitamin D in predicting fracture risk in patients with osteoporosis

目的探究MRI脂肪定量参数椎体骨髓脂肪分数(FF)联合25-羟基维生素D[25(OH)D]预测骨质疏松症患者骨折风险的临床应用价值。方法选取2023年1月至2024年4月广州医科大学附属第四医院收治的90例骨质疏松症患者为对象,将50例发生骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的患者纳入骨折组,40例未发生骨折的患者纳入对照组。所有患者均接受脊柱MRI脂肪定量技术(IDEAL-IQ)扫描,测定L_(1~5)各椎体FF及L_(1~5)椎体平均FF,采用电化学发光法检测血清25(OH)D水平。比较两组患者FF、血清25(OH)D水平,分析FF、25(OH)D与骨密度(BMD)的相关性;多因素logistic回归分析法分析影响骨质疏松症患者骨折的危险因素,受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评估FF、25(OH)D及其联合诊断对骨质疏松症患者骨折的预测价值。结果骨折组年龄大于对照组,BMD、血清25(OH)D水平低于对照组(P<0.05)。骨折组L_(2)椎体FF、L_(1~5)椎体平均FF均高于对照组(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,L_(2)椎体FF、L_(1~5)椎体平均FF与BMD均呈负相关(P<0.05),血清25(OH)D水平与BMD呈正相关(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析示,年龄、L_(2)椎体FF是骨质疏松症患者骨折的独立危险因素,BMD、25(OH)D是其保护因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线示,L_(2)椎体FF、25(OH)D预测骨折的AUC分别为0.714(95%CI:0.606~0.822)、0.774(95%CI:0.672~0.876),联合预测的AUC为0.923(95%CI:0.867~0.978),明显大于单一指标预测(P<0.05)。结论L_(2)椎体FF、血清25(OH)D水平与骨质疏松症患者骨折有关,与年龄、BMD共同为骨质疏松症患者并发骨折的影响因素;L_(2)椎体FF、25(OH)D对骨质疏松症患者骨折风险具有一定预测价值,联合检测可进一步提高预测效能。

Objective To explore the clinical application value of MRI fat quantification parameter[verte-bral bone marrow fat fraction(FF)]combined with 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D]in predicting fracture risk in patients with osteoporosis.Methods A total of 90 patients with osteoporosis who were admitted to the hospital from January 2023 to April 2024 were selected as the subjects.Among them,50 patients with osteoporotic vertebral com-pression fractures were included in the fracture group,and 40 patients without fractures were included in the control group.All patients underwent the iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation(IDEAL-IQ)method of MRI to measure the FF of each vertebra among L_(1-5) and the average FF of L_(1-5).Serum 25(OH)D level was detected by electrochemiluminescence method.FF and serum 25(OH)D levels of the two groups were compared.The correlation of FF,25(OH)D and bone mineral density(BMD)was analyzed.Multi-variate logistic regression analysis was conducted to screen the risk factors for fracture in patients with osteoporosis.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were used to evaluate the predictive value of FF,25(OH)D,and their combination for fracture in patients with osteoporosis.Results Patients in the fracture group were older than those in the control group.BMD and serum 25(OH)D level were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The FF of L_(2) and average FF of L_(1-5) in the fracture group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Correlation analysis results showed that the FF of L_(2) and the average FF of L_(1-5) were negatively correlated with BMD(P<0.05),while serum 25(OH)D level was positively correlated with BMD(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age and FF of L_(2) were independent risk factors for fracture in patients with osteoporo-sis,while BMD and 25(OH)D were protective factors(P<0.05).ROC curves indicated that the AUC values of FF of L_(2) and 25(OH)D for predicting fracture were 0.714(95%CI:0.606~0.822)and 0.774(95%CI:0.672~0.876).The AUC of joint prediction was 0.923(95%CI:0.867~0.978),which was significantly larger than that of separate prediction(P<0.05).Conclusions FF of L_(2) and serum 25(OH)D are related to fracture in patients with osteopo-rosis.Age and BMD are factors influencing the occurrence of fracture in patients with osteoporosis.FF of L_(2) and 25(OH)D have certain predictive value for fracture risk in patients with osteoporosis,and combined detection of the two can improve predictive efficiency.