新疆生产建设兵团第一师儿童哮喘患病调查与危险因素研究

Investigation and Risk Factors of Asthma in Children in the First Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps

目的:分析新疆生产建设兵团第一师儿童哮喘的患病情况和影响因素。方法:采用整群随机抽样法,筛选2022年5月—2023年6月新疆生产建设兵团第一师各大团场幼儿园及中学儿童5000例进行研究。分析儿童哮喘患病情况、发作诱因,采用单因素及Logistic回归分析法分析儿童哮喘发作的影响因素。结果:5000例儿童中,确诊哮喘患儿200例(4.00%);疾病发作诱因主要为呼吸道感染(96.00%),其次为气候原因(51.50%)。Logistic回归分析显示,哮喘家族史、父母过敏史、花粉过敏史、湿疹史、过敏性鼻炎史、添加益生菌≥6个月、居住环境灰尘大、近期呼吸道感染及咳嗽时间≥1个月是诱发儿童哮喘的高危因素(P<0.05)。结论:新疆生产建设兵团第一师儿童哮喘的患病风险较高,且影响因素较多,临床应针对影响因素予以儿童防治措施,有效降低哮喘发生率。

Objective:To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of children asthma in the First Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.Methods:Screening 5000 children from kindergartens and middle schools in major regimental fields of the First Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from May 2022 to June 2023 for research.The incidences and causes of asthma attack in children were analyzed.Single factor and Logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of asthma attack in children.Results:Among the 5000 children,200(4.00%)were diagnosed with asthma;the main cause of disease onset was respiratory tract infection(96.00%),followed by climate(51.50%).Logistic regression analysis showed that family history of asthma,parental history of allergy,history of pollen allergy,history of eczema,history of allergic rhinitis,probiotic addition≥6 months,dusty living environment,recent respiratory infection and cough duration≥1 month were the risk factors for childhood asthma(P<0.05).Conclusion:The risk of childhood asthma in the First Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps is high,and there are many influencing factors.Clinical prevention and treatment measures should be taken according to the influencing factors to effectively reduce the incidence of asthma.