“上帝机器”能够帮助人类增强道德吗?

Can the "God Machine" Help Humans Enhance Their Morality?

佩尔松和萨武列斯库作为道德生物增强的情感论者,提出了“上帝机器”的概念,并构建了关于上帝机器实现人类道德增强的思想实验:超级机器能够修改人类心灵活动中道德情感与认知具体内容,以促进自身更加准确地采取道德行为。然而,佩尔松和萨武列斯库在对“上帝机器”思想实验进行阐释的过程中,对于人类知行脱节、认知内容道德属性的语境问题以及人类巨大痛苦背后的诸多原因缺乏全面而深入地探究,导致他们关于“上帝机器”帮助人类采取道德行为的设想面临着一些理论上的困境。并且,一旦“上帝机器”起作用,就不可避免地威胁到人类的自由意志与自我同一性,继而引发责任归属与“技术统治”等伦理危机。

Persson and Savulescu, as emotional theorists of moral bioenhancement, proposed the concept of a “God Machine” and constructed a thought experiment about “God Machines” achieving human moral enhancement: a super machine that can alter the specific content of moral emotions and cognition in human mind activities in order to promote more accurate moral behavior. However, in their interpretation of the “God machine” thought experiment, Persson and Savulescu lack a comprehensive and in-depth investigation of the disconnect between human knowing and doing, the contextual issues of the moral properties of cognitive content, and the many reasons behind the great human suffering. This has led to some theoretical dilemmas in their vision of the “God machine” that helps humans to act morally. Moreover, once the “God machine” works, it will inevitably threaten human free will and identity as self, and then lead to ethical crises such as attribution of responsibility and “technological domination”.