传承与应变:南宋转般仓的灵活管理及其历史影响

Inheritance and Adaptation:Flexible Management of Zhuan-Ban Granaries(转搬仓)in the Southern Song Dynasty and Its Historical Influence

南宋转般仓与其他朝代的漕仓一样,具有显著的朝廷属性,但不同的是,其由诸多地方机构直接管理,呈现出各转般仓管理机构不同、同一转般仓管理机构多次变更的复杂景象。这是在沿袭北宋漕运与漕仓事务合并管理模式的基础上,南宋朝廷在分区供漕体制下因地制宜安排各地方机构管理、以变更管理机构的方式来应对漕仓管理问题的结果。南宋转般仓的灵活管理符合当时复杂多变的军事形势需要,有利于增强地方的军事应变力,体现了宋代“分离制”行政体制的制度优势,但也存在地方机构或官员勾结贪腐等弊端。南宋转般仓的灵活管理不仅承前启后地将漕运与漕仓事务合并管理的模式传至金、元两代,还体现出南北对峙局势下军事财赋管理权下放地方的灵活性,在漕仓管理史上具有重要地位。

The Southern Song Dynasty's Zhuan-ban Granary,like other dynasties'grain transportation granaries,had a significant central attribute,but the difference was that it was directly managed by many local institutions,presenting a complex scene of different management institutions of Zhuan-ban Granary and multiple changes in the same Zhuan-ban Granary management institution.This was the result of the Southern Song Dynasty's central court adapting the management of local institutions to local conditions and changing management institutions in response to warehouse management issues,based on the merged management model of transportation and warehouse affairs in the Northern Song Dynasty.The flexible management of Zhuan-ban Granary in the Southern Song Dynasty was in line with the complex and ever-changing military situation at that time,which was conducive to enhancing local military adaptability and reflecting the institutional advantages of the Song Dynasty's"separation system"administrative system.However,there were also drawbacks such as collusion and corruption among local institutions or officials.The flexible management of Zhuan-ban Granary in the Southern Song Dynasty not only inherited the model of merging transportation and warehouse affairs to the Jin and Yuan dynasties,but also demonstrated the the flexibility of delegating military wealth management authority to local authorities in the context of the North South confrontation,which played an important role in the history of warehouse management.