钠离子电池用有机电解液研究进展

Research Progress in Organic Electrolyte for Sodium Ion Battery

钠离子电池具有资源丰富、成本低廉、与锂离子电池性质相近等优势,近年来受到了研究人员的广泛关注。其中电解液作为钠离子电池中的关键材料,可显著影响电池的电化学性能。当前有机电解液因其低黏度、高介电常数以及与常用正负极材料良好的兼容性而被广泛使用,但其仍然存在抗氧化电位低、电池循环性能有待提高、易燃性高等问题。因此,合理设计开发高性能、低成本的有机电解液,对钠离子电池的商业化应用至关重要。从溶剂、钠盐、添加剂三个方面对钠离子电池有机电解液发展现状进行分类总结,讨论了有机电解液成分对电池性能及界面膜性质的影响,并对未来钠离子电池电解液的研究工作进行了展望。

Sodium ion batteries have garnered significant attention due to its advantages such as abundant resources,low cost and similar properties to lithium ion batteries.As a crucial component in sodium ion batteries,electrolyte plays a crucial role in determining the battery's electrochemical performance.Meanwhile,the utilization of organic electrolytes in sodium ion batteries is widespread owing to their low viscosity,high dielectric constant,and excellent compatibility with commonly employed positive and negative materials.However,certain challenges still persist,including low oxidant potential,high flammability,and limited cycle performance.Therefore,reasonable design of high performance and low cost organic electrolyte is very important for the commercial application of sodium-ion batteries.Herein,this study classifies and summarizes the development status of sodium battery organic electrolyte from three aspects:solvent,sodium salt and additive,discusses the influence of organic electrolyte composition on the battery performance and the properties of solid electrolyte interphase.The future research work of sodium battery electrolyte is also prospected.