基于健康信念模型的老年慢性病患者用药行为影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors of medication behavior in elderly patients with chronic diseases based on health belief model

目的分析基于健康信念模型的老年慢性病患者用药行为影响因素。方法选取2021年6月至2023年6月我院收治的406例老年慢性病患者。分析老年慢性病患者的一般人口学资料及用药行为;采用Pearson相关性分析评估老年慢性病患者健康信念模型和用药行为的相关性;采用逐步多元线性回归分析评估老年慢性病患者用药行为的影响因素。结果老年慢性病患者的用药行为得分为(25.23±2.19)分,健康信念总分为(2.53±0.16)分。不同年龄、文化程度、居住地、家庭人均收入、病程、共病情况及服用药物种类患者的用药行为得分比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,患者健康信念总分与用药行为呈正相关(r=0.841,P<0.01)。逐步多元线性回归分析结果显示,文化程度、居住地、家庭人均收入、共病情况及健康信念总分是老年慢性病患者用药行为的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论老年慢性病患者的健康信念模型与用药行为密切相关,且文化程度、居住地、家庭人均收入、共病情况及健康信念总分是其用药行为的影响因素。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of medication behavior in elderly patients with chronic diseases based on health belief model.Methods A total of 406 elderly patients with chronic diseases admitted in our hospital from June 2021 to June 2023 were selected.The general demographic data and medication behavior of the elderly patients with chronic diseases were analyzed;Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between health belief model and medication behavior in elderly patients with chronic diseases;stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of medication behavior in elderly patients with chronic diseases.Results The score of medication behavior of elderly patients with chronic diseases was(25.23±2.19),and the total score of health belief was(2.53±0.16).There were statistically significant differences in scores of medication behavior among patients with different age,education level,place of residence,family per capita income,course of disease,comorbidity and types of drugs(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score of health belief was positively correlated with medication behavior(r=0.841,P<0.01).The results of stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level,place of residence,family per capita income,comorbidity and total score of health belief were the influencing factors of medication behavior in elderly patients with chronic diseases(P<0.05).Conclusion The health belief model of elderly patients with chronic diseases is closely related to medication behavior,and education level,place of residence,family per capita income,comorbidity and total score of health belief are the influencing factors of their medication behavior.