人工合成甜味剂对机体健康影响的研究进展

Research progress on the effects of artificial sweeteners on human health

人工合成甜味剂(artificial sweeteners,ASs)是一类广泛应用于食品、调味品、饮料、保健食品以及药品生产的人工合成或半合成的有机化合物,少量添加即可赋予食物或药物甜味。由于ASs价格低廉、甜度大、稳定性高、水溶性好、适口性好,近年来作为食品添加剂广泛使用于食品或药品生产和加工。迄今为止,ASs的安全性具有较大争议,与食品安全和人民群众的身体健康密切相关。因此,研究ASs对健康的影响具有十分重要的意义和价值。本文针对目前ASs的使用现状、对机体各器官系统和生理代谢影响的研究进展进行综述,主要介绍了ASs对神经系统、内分泌系统、肠道菌群、循环系统、生殖系统和免疫系统的影响、生殖毒性和遗传毒性、致癌作用等,旨在促进人民群众对ASs的深刻认识和了解,为居民日常食品和药品的选择提供参考依据。

Artificial sweeteners(ASs)is a class of artificially synthesized or semi synthetic organic compounds widely used in the production of food,condiments,beverages,health foods,and pharmaceuticals,which can be added in small amounts to give food or medicine a sweet taste.Due to its low price,high sweetness,high stability,good water solubility,and good palatability,ASs has been widely used as a food additive in food or pharmaceutical production and processing in recent years.So far,the safety of ASs has been highly controversial,closely related to food safety and the physical health of the people.Therefore,studying the impact of ASs on health is of great significance and value.This article provides a review of the current usage status of ASs,and the research progress of its impact on various organ systems and physiological metabolism on the human body.It mainly introduces the effects of ASs on the nervous system,endocrine system,gut microbiota,circulatory system,reproductive system,and immune system,as well as its reproductive toxicity,genetic toxicity and carcinogenic effects,aiming to enhance the comprehensive understanding and knowledge of ASs on the people and provide reference basis for the selection of daily food and drugs for residents.