先天性心脏病儿童和青少年慢性心力衰竭的评估和管理:美国心脏协会科学声明解读

Interpretation of the 2024 American Heart Association Scientific Statement:evaluation and management of chronic heart failure in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease

先天性心脏病(简称先心病)是儿童心力衰竭最主要的病因之一。2024年美国心脏协会依据现有的知识和研究结果, 发布了首个关于先心病儿童和青少年心力衰竭评估和管理的科学声明。该声明强调了对先心病患儿慢性心力衰竭流行病学、病理生理学、分期和结局认知不足的现状, 并呼吁制定标准化的定义、监测方案和治疗策略, 以改善该人群的临床结局和生存质量。现就该声明的主要内容进行解读, 以期为先心病儿童和青少年慢性心力衰竭的准确评估和全面管理提供参考和指导。

Congenital heart disease(CHD)is one of the leading causes of heart failure(HF)in pediatrics.In 2024,the American Heart Association,based on existing knowledge and research findings,issued its first scientific statement on the assessment and management of HF in children and adolescents with CHD.The statement emphasizes the current lack of understanding of the epidemiology,pathophysiology,staging,and outcomes of chronic HF in pediatrics with CHD,and calls for the development of standardized definitions,monitoring protocols,and treatment strategies to improve the clinical outcomes and quality of life for this population.This article interprets the main content of the statement,aiming to provide reference and guidance for the accurate assessment and comprehensive management of chronic HF in children and adolescents with CHD.