五加皮及香加皮鉴别特征研究

Study on the Identification Characteristics of Acanthopanacis Cortex and Periplocae Cortex

目的探讨五加皮及其伪品香加皮的鉴别特征。方法观察药材样品性状;采用显微观察法鉴别药材样品粉末的显微特征;采用薄层色谱法定性鉴别药材样品,采用紫外吸收光谱法分析药材样品的最大吸收波长。结果五加皮及香加皮在外表面颜色、栓皮、切面颜色、气味等方面存在明显差异;两者的样品粉末中均可见木栓细胞、淀粉粒,前者含有草酸钙簇晶,分泌道碎片,后者含有草酸钙方晶、石细胞、乳管;TLC图斑点清晰,前者的TLC中在4-甲氧基水杨醛对照品处无斑点,后者的TLC中在异贝壳杉烯酸对照品处无斑点。五加皮、香加皮样品的最大吸收波长分别为328 nm,279.2 nm。结论所建方法操作简便,结果特征明显,可用于五加皮及其伪品香加皮的鉴别。

Objective To investigate the identification characteristics of Acanthopanacis Cortex and its counterfeit Periplocae Cortex.Methods The characteristics of medicinal material samples were observed,the microscopic characteristics of sample powder were identified by the microscopic observation,the samples were qualitatively identified by the thin-layer chromatography(TLC)method,and the maximum absorption wavelength of samples was analyzed by the ultraviolet(UV)absorption spectrometry method.Results There were obvious differences between Acanthopanacis Cortex and Periplocae Cortex in terms of external surface color,cork,sectional color,odor,etc.The cork cells and starch grains were observed in the Acanthopanacis Cortex and Periplocae Cortex powder,while calcium oxalate crystal clusters,secretory canal fragment were observed in the former,and calcium oxalate cubic crystal,stone cells,and latex vessels were observed in the latter.The TLC chromatograms of Acanthopanacis Cortex and Periplocae Cortex showed clear spots,while the former had no corresponding spot to 4-methoxysalicylaldehyde reference,and the latter had no corresponding spot to kaurenoic acid.The maximum absorption wavelength of Acanthopanacis Cortex was 328 nm,and that of Periplocae Cortex was 279.2 nm.Conclusion The established method is easy and effective,which can be used for the identification of Acanthopanacis Cortex and its counterfeit Periplocae Cortex.