脑梗死相关生化指标检测的临床意义及研究进展

Clinical significance and research progress of detecting biochemical indicators related to cerebral infarction

脑梗死是一种急性缺血性脑血管疾病,不仅可导致患者脑损伤,还可以引起心肌功能障碍与呼吸循环功能损伤,从而诱发患者出现瘫痪、癫痫等,是引起患者伤残与死亡的主要原因之一。脑梗死当前尚无特效治疗方案,为此早期诊治该病对改善患者的预后具有重要影响,在脑梗死的诊断中,加强血清标志物检测具有重要价值。研究显示血清标志物可以识别脑梗死后特定的大脑区域的损伤。相关生化指标具体包括兴奋性谷氨酸、氧自由基、血氧饱和度、葡萄糖、血清钙离子与钠离子、腺苷、内皮素、血管活性肠肽、一氧化氮、T细胞亚群、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、白介素-6(IL-6)、S-100蛋白家族、肌酸激酶、脑源性神经营养因子等。本文综述了脑梗死患者相关生化指标检测的临床意义及研究进展,以期为脑梗死的临床诊断及治疗提供帮助。

Cerebral infarction is an acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease,which can not only lead to brain injury,but also lead to myocardial dysfunction and damage of respiratory and circulatory function,so as to induce palsy,epilepsy,etc.It is one of the main causes of disability and death of patients.At present,there is no specific treatment plan for cerebral infarction.Therefore,early diagnosis and treatment of the disease has an important impact on improving the prognosis of patients.In the diagnosis of cerebral infarction,strengthening the detection of serum markers is of great value.Studies have shown that serum markers can identify the damage of specific brain regions after cerebral infarction.Relevant biochemical indicators include excitatory glutamate,oxygen free radicals,blood oxygen saturation,glucose,serum calcium and sodium ions,adenosine,endothelin,vasoactive intestinal peptide,nitric oxide,T cell subsets,neuron specific enolase(NSE),interleukin-6(IL-6),S-100 protein family,creatine kinase,brain-derived neurotrophic factor and so on.This paper summarizes the clinical significance and research progress of the detection of relevant biochemical indicators in patients with cerebral infarction,in order to provide assistance for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cerbral infarction.