潍坊市居民疫情期间健康知识素养比较研究

Comparative study on health knowledge literacy of residents in Weifang City during the epidemic period

目的了解潍坊地区居民对疫情期间相关健康知识素养认知情况,为加强城乡疫情的防控以及制订健康宣教措施提供科学依据。方法随机抽取潍坊市临朐县640人居民为调查对象,采用现场面对面的方式对临朐县居民进行问卷调查,发放问卷640份,收回问卷640份,回收率为100.0%。采用描述性统计学分析调查城乡居民的疫情期间相关传染病健康知识认知和居民在日常生活中的行为,并对不同类型群体居民的疫情期间相关传染病健康知识认知得分进行比较。结果潍坊市居民疫情期间相关传染病健康知识知晓率较高的是症状和传播途径分别为96.3%和76.3%;居民获取健康知识的主要途径是电视(新闻联播)、广播、微信和社区宣传。居民对政府的疫情防控效果非常满意占96.4%。不同文化程度的居民健康知识素养得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同职业的居民健康素养得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。居民文化程度越高,其健康知识素养得分越高;农民和工人相对于其他行业来说健康认知水平低。结论潍坊市临朐县居民相关传染病健康基本知识知晓情况较好,也存在薄弱环节;在宣传中既要利用新媒体宣传,也要结合传统媒体,以科普讲解、情景技能大赛等方式吸引群众参与到健康科普宣传中来,从而提高居民的健康知识素养。

Objective To understand the awareness of health knowledge literacy among residents in Weifang area during the epidemic period,and to provide scientific basis for strengthening the prevention and control of urban and rural epidemics and formulating health education measures.Methods A total of 640 residents in Linqu County of Weifang City were rondomly selected as research objects.A face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted on the residents of Linqu County on site,and 640 questionnaires were distributed and collected,with a recovery rate of 100.0%.Descriptive statistical analysis was used to investigate the health knowledge awareness and behavior of urban and rural residents related to infectious diseases during the epidemic period.The scores of the health knowledge awareness of infectious diseases related to different types of residents during the epidemic period were compaored.Results The higher awareness rate of health knowledge related to infectious diseases among residents during the epidemic period in Weifang City were symptoms and trarsmission routes,accounting for 96.3%and 76.3%,respectively.The main ways for residents to obtain health knowledge were television(news boradcast),broadcasting,WeChat and community promotion.The 96.4%of residents were very satisfied with the government's effectiveness of epidemic prevention and control.The comparison of health knowledge literacy scores among residents with different cultural levels showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The comparison of health knowledge literacy scores among residents from different occupations showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The higher the cultural level of residents,the higher the scores in health knowledge literacy;farmers and workers had low awareness level of health knowledge compared to other industries.Conclusion The residents in Linqu County of Weifang City had a good awareness of knowledge of the basic health knowledge of related infectious diseases,but there were weak links.In the publicity,it was necessary to use both new media and traditional media,and attract the masses to participate in the health science popularization by means of popular science explanation and situational skills competition,in order to improve health knowledge literacy of residents.