家庭社会经济地位、父母养育观念何以影响其教养方式的选择?——基于CFPS数据的实证分析

Socioeconomic Status,Child-rearing Values and Parenting Style:Based on the China Family Panel Survey

文章基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)多轮数据,使用多项logit模型、异质性分析与中介分析等多种方法,分析家庭社会经济地位如何与主观的养育观念共同形塑父母教养方式的选择。结果表明,父母职业对教养方式选择具有重要影响,随着父亲职业社会经济指数的提升,父母更不倾向于选择专制型教养方式。在客观的社会经济地位之外,主观养育观念亦显著地影响到教养方式的选择。当父母对子女有较高的育儿责任感时,父母更倾向于选择宽容型;当父母对子女有较高的教育期望时,父母更倾向于选择权威型。机制分析表明,家庭社会经济地位将通过主观养育观念间接作用于教养方式的选择。研究结论为贯彻落实《中华人民共和国家庭教育促进法》,传播科学的家庭教育理念,促进家庭教育的高质量发展提供参考。

Based on multiple-rounds data of China Family Panel Studies,using the multinomial logit regression model,meditation analysis and heterogeneous analysis,this paper discusses the impact of family socio-economic status and child-rearing values on the formation of parental styles.The results show that,there is a significant impact of parental occupational status on parental styles,that is,with the promotion of father's occupational socio-economic index(ISEI),the probability of choosing authoritarian style is declining(compared with the permissive type).In addition to the objective family socio-economic status,the subjective child-rearing values also exerts a significant impact on parental styles,which varies with the different measurements:when parents have a high sense of responsibility for their children,they tend to choose the permissive type;when parents have a high educational expectation,they tend to choose the authoritative type.Furthermore,the analysis of mediation effect indicates that there is an indirect effect of socio-economic status on parenting styles via child-rearing values.To achieve high-quality development of family education,the conclusion is that relevant agents should implement the Law on the Promotion of Family Education,promote the spreading of the advanced family education knowledge and the high-quality development of family education.