坦桑尼亚共和国桑给巴尔地区医务人员职业暴露防护培训实践

Practice of occupational exposure protection training for medical staff in Zanzibar,Republic of Tanzania

目的总结坦桑尼亚共和国桑给巴尔地区医务人员职业暴露防护知识培训的效果,提高当地医务人员职业暴露防护意识和防护水平。方法2023年9-10月,以桑给巴尔地区唯一的一家公立医院纳兹莫加医院130名医务人员为研究对象,对其进行职业暴露防护知识培训,培训前后采用医务人员职业暴露防护知识考核问卷(包含基本知识、手卫生、无菌技术、个人防护用品的使用、锐器伤的防护与处置)进行调查,并对考核问卷各个子条目及总分进行统计学分析。结果和培训前相比,培训后医务人员的职业暴露防护知识考核问卷各子条目及总分均显著增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。考核问卷的5个条目中,基本知识条目的得分提高率最明显(147.94%),其次是无菌技术(80.57%)、个人防护用品的使用(65.91%)、锐器伤的防护和处置(65.35%)和手卫生(62.5%)。结论职业暴露防护知识培训能有效提高桑给巴尔地区医务人员的职业暴露防护意识及防护水平,通过定期开展此类培训有望显著减少当地医务人员职业暴露。

Objective To explore the effect of occupational exposure protection knowledge training for medical personnel in Zanzibar region,Republic of Tanzania,and improve the awareness and level of occupational exposure protection for local medical personnel.Methods A total of 130 medical staff from Mnazi Mmoja Hospital,the only public hospital in Zanzibar,were trained in occupational exposure protection knowledge.Before and after the training,a questionnaire was conducted to assess the occupational exposure protection knowledge of medical staff(including basic knowledge,hand hygiene,aseptic techniques,use of personal protective equipment,protection and treatment of sharp instrument injuries).The sub-items and total scores of the questionnaire were analyzed statistically.Results Compared with before training,all sub-items and total scores of occupational exposure protection knowledge assessment questionnaire of medical personnel were significantly increased after training,with statistical significance(P<0.001).Among the 5 items in the assessment questionnaire,the basic knowledge item had the most obvious increase rate(147.94%),followed by aseptic techniques(80.57%),the use of personal protective equipment(65.91%),the protection and treatment of sharp instrument injuries(65.35%)and hand hygiene(62.5%).Conclusion Occupational exposure protection knowledge training could effectively improve the awareness and level of occupational exposure protection of medical personnel in Zanzibar region,and it is expected that the occupational exposure of local medical personnel can be significantly reduced by conducting such training regularly.