2023年云南省登革热暴发疫情的流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of dengue fever in Yunnan province,2023

目的了解新冠病毒感染大流行后2023年云南省登革热暴发疫情的流行病学特征。方法采用描述流行病学方法对云南省登革热病例资料进行分析,用Excel 2019和ArcGIS V10.8.2软件建立病例数据库并制图。结果2023年云南省共报告登革热病例13483例,发病率28.73/10万,其中输入性病例3297例,包括境外输入1180例(缅甸1069例、老挝100例、其他5国11例)和境内输入2117例(省外2例、省内2115例)。全省所有16州(市)均有病例报告,其中西双版纳州、德宏州和临沧市发生本地流行,发病数(发病率)分别为7136例(545.64/10万)、4025例(304.74/10万)和1102例(49.20/10万),这3个州(市)发病数占全省病例总数的90.95%(12263/13483)。主要流行期为6—12月,高峰在9月。所有年龄组均有发病,最小为1日龄,最大97岁,以20~59岁组为主,占71.69%(9666/13483);男女性别比为1.22∶1;职业主要为农民,占35.82%,其次为家务及待业者(12.90%)、商业服务者(8.37%)和学生(7.73%)。结论2023年云南省发生了该省历史上规模最大的一次登革热暴发疫情,本地流行主要发生在滇西南中国-缅甸和中国-老挝边境地区。本次疫情与新冠病毒感染大流行后边境重新开放、人员流动性增加,登革热输入性病例大幅上升密切相关,仍需加强登革热跨境传播防控和防蚊灭蚊工作。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of dengue fever(DF)in Yunnan province,China in 2023,that post-COVID-19 pandemic.Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data of DF cases.Excel 2019 and ArcGIS V10.8.2 softwares were used for database construction and plotting.Results A total of 13483 cases of DF were reported in Yunnan province in 2023,with an incidence rate of 28.73/100000.Of these,3297 were imported cases,they included 1180 cases from abroad(1069 from Myanmar,100 from Laos,and 11 from five other countries),2117 cases from domestic(2 from outside the province and 2115 from other prefectures in Yunnan).The DF cases were reported in all 16 prefectures of Yunnan,with Xishuangbanna,Dehong and Lincang prefectures as indigenous epidemic areas,the number of cases(incidence rate)were 7136(545.64/100000),4025(304.74/100000)and 1102(49.20/100000)respectively.The number of cases of these three prefectures accounted for 90.95%(12263/13483)of the total cases in the province.The main epidemic period was from June to December,with a peak in September.The age of the patients ranged from 1 day to 97 years old,and mainly 20-59 years,accounted for 71.69%(9666/13483),and the male/female ratio was 1.22∶1.The occupations of the cases were mainly farmers(35.82%),the next were housework and unemployed(12.90%),business service providers(8.37%)and students(7.73%).Conclusion A largest outbreak of DF occurred in 2023 in the history of Yunnan province.The indigenous epidemic mainly occurred in Sino-Myanmar and Sino-Laos border areas of the southwestern Yunnan.The outbreak was closely related to the significant increase of imported cases of DF following the border opening and increased mobility of personnel,post-COVID-19 pandemic.Cross-border transmission of DF and mosquito control still need to be strengthened.