消化道肿瘤发病风险的系统流行病学研究进展

Research Progress on Systems Epidemiology for Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk

消化道肿瘤是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,疾病负担十分严重,且发病机制尚未明确,难以进行早期预防。系统流行病学是经典流行病学与先进医学技术的有机融合,通过基因组、转录组、蛋白质组、代谢组及暴露组等多组学技术,解释外界暴露、遗传变异、代谢紊乱等多种途径与肿瘤发病间的分子机制,成为精准评估癌症发病风险的重要手段。全文对多组学技术在常见消化道肿瘤发病风险评估中的应用进行综述,进一步揭示系统流行病学在肿瘤中的应用价值。

Gastrointestinal Cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors around the world,with a severe disease burden and unclear pathogenesis,which make it difficult to prevention and control.Systems epidemiology is the integration of classic epidemiology and forefront medical technology,such as genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,exposome and metabolomics.Systems epidemiology makes it possible to explain the molecular mechanisms of cancer pathogenesis through various pathways such as external exposure,genetic variation and metabolic disorders;therefore it can be an important means to assess the cancer risk more accurately.This paper reviews the recent research progress on the relation of multi-omics with the risk of common cancers and to explore the application value of systems epidemiology in gastrointestinal cancer risk assessment.