湖北恩施富硒地区车前遗传多样性与群体结构分析

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of Plantago Asiatica L.in the Se Deposit Area of Enshi,Hubei

【目的】对湖北恩施富硒地区5个自然居群的142份车前样本进行遗传多样性和遗传结构评估。【方法】通过ISSR分子标记对样品进行PCR,条带统计结果通过POPGENE 1.32、Structure 2.3.4等软件进行遗传多样性与群体结构分析。【结果】共筛选出37条ISSR引物,多态性位点比例范围为86%~100%。其中,居群水平多态位点比例(PPL)、Nei’s遗传多样性指数(H)、香农多样性指数(I)分别为88.87%、0.2898±0.1757、0.4361±0.2375;物种水平(PPL=99.46%,H=0.3282±0.1484,I=0.4915±0.1983)。居群间之间分化系数为0.1157,基因流为1.9108。居群内遗传变异为84%。STRUCTURE分析推测,5个车前居群可能来源于3个祖先亚群体。而聚类分析显示其亲缘关系与地理距离不一致,个体聚类分析和主坐标分析(PCoA)无法较好地区分5个居群中的个体。【结论】该地区车前遗传多样性丰富,居群间基因流动频繁,利于野外生存。上述结果为恩施富硒地区车前的保护和利用提供了参考。

[Objective]Genetic diversity and genetic structure were assessed in 142 Plantago asiatica L.samples from five natural populations in the Se Deposit area of Enshi,Hubei.[Methods]The genetic diversity and population structure of the samples were analyzed by PCR with ISSR molecular markers,and the results of the band statistics were analyzed with software such as POPGENE 1.32 and Structure 2.3.4.[Results]A total of 37 ISSR primers were screened,and the proportion of polymorphic loci(PPL)ranged from 86%to 100%.Among them,the proportion of polymorphic loci at the population level(PPL),Nei's genetic diversity index(H),and Shannon's diversity index(I)were 88.87%,0.2898±0.1757,and 0.4361±0.2375,respectively;and at the species level(PPL=99.46%,H=0.3282±0.1484,I=0.4915±0.1983).The coefficient of differentiation between clusters was 0.1157 and gene flow was 1.9108.STRUCTURE analysis speculated that the five Plantago asiatica L.populations may be derived from three ancestral subpopulations.The results of Cluster analysis at the cluster level demonstrated that the affinities between clusters were not consistent with geographical distance.Individual clustering analysis and Principal Coordinate Analysis(PCoA)couldn’t separate the individuals well among the five populations.[Conclusion]The results indicated that all Plantago asiatica L.in this area exhibit high genetic diversity,with more frequent gene flow between populations.These results inform conservation and utilization strategies for Plantago asiatica L.in the Se Deposit area.