基于专利分析法剖析国内外节水灌溉技术装备发展趋势

Development trend discussion of water-saving irrigation technology and equipment at home and abroad based on patent analysis method

我国既是全球13个人均水资源最贫乏国家之一,又是农业大国。农业用水是全国水资源总体利用的重要组成。农业节约用水直接关系国民经济的发展。概述了目前我国节水灌溉的现状,并从专利的视角,使用智慧芽专利数据库作为数据来源,分析2014—2023年全球专利申请量、申请专利类型、申请人区域专利数量排名、“五局”流向、重要技术分支地域分布、申请(专利权)人专利数量排名、创新词云及领域地图等情况。结果表明,近10年我国专利申请量总体呈上升趋势,居世界第1位。在“五局”流向分布中,我国是占比最大的技术来源国和技术应用国,但在国外市场的开拓方面远不如美国。我国专利研发机构以科研院所、大学为主,虽然活跃度不断提升,但是相较于欧美国家的专利公司还有一定差距。基于上述分析,建议未来增强企业专利研发实力,促进节水灌溉技术成果的转化落地;注重专利海外布局,将市场扩大到世界范畴;引入物联网、传感器等技术,推动节水灌溉向智能化、精准化方向发展。

China is not only one of the 13 countries with poor per capita water resources in the world,but also a large agricultural coun-try.Agricultural water use is important component of overall utilization of water resource in the whole country.Saving agricultural wa-ter is directly related to development of national economy.Current situation of water-saving irrigation in China was summarized,and from perspective of patent,Patsnap patent database was used as data source.Global patent application volume,patent application types,ranking of regional patent number of applicants,direction of five bureaux,geographical distribution of important technology branches,patent number ranking of applicants(patent rights),innovative word clouds and cell diagram from 2014 to 2023,were analyzed.Results showed that number of patent applications in China has been on rise in past 10 years,ranking first in the world.In five bureaux flow distribution,China was the largest technology source country and technology application country,but in development of foreign markets was far less than the United States.China's patent research and development institutions were mainly scientific re-search institutes and universities,although degree of activity continued to improve,but compared with patent companies in European and American countries there was still a certain gap.Based on above analysis,it was recommended to enhance patent research and de-velopment capabilities of enterprises in the future,and promote transformation and implementation of water-saving irrigation technology achievements;emphasize overseas layout of patents and expand market to global level;introduce technologies such as internet of things and sensors to promote development of water-saving irrigation towards intelligence and precision.