稻田机械除草技术装备研究与应用现状

Research and application status of mechanical weeding technology and equipment for paddy

稻田杂草是造成水稻产量下降、品质降低的重要因素。人工除草劳动强度大、作业效率低;化学药剂除草引发杂草抗药性、作物药害,造成环境污染和农产品质量安全问题;机械除草是一种环境友好型除草方式,有助于改善土壤结构、提高土壤肥力。介绍了稻田机械除草技术装备研究现状及上海市稻田机械除草装备应用情况,对稻田机械除草技术在实际应用中遇到的问题进行了阐述与分析,提出运用新能源、卫星导航系统等先进技术的智能化除草是稻田机械除草技术装备的发展方向。

Paddy weed is an important factor that causes decrease in rice yield and quality.Labor intensity of artificial weeding is high and efficiency is low.Chemical herbicide causes weed resistance,crop toxicity,environmental pollution and safety issue of agricultur-al product.Mechanical weeding is a friendly way to environment that helps to improve soil structure and increase soil fertility.Research status of mechanical weeding technology and equipment for paddy and application situation of paddy weeders in Shanghai were introduced,problems occurred in practice were summarized and analyzed.It was pointed out that intelligent weeding with advance technology such as new energy and satellite navigation was development direction of mechanical weeding technology and equipment for paddy.