基于CFD的大兆瓦混塔风电机组塔底通风散热设计

Research on the Design of Ventilation and Heat Dissipation at the Bottom of a Large MW Mixed Tower Wind Turbine Based on CFD

当前,大兆瓦混塔风电机组越来越广泛应用于低风速风电场,与钢塔类似,大功率变流器被放置于混塔底平台,其运行产热不容忽视,变流器的散热效果直接影响着风电机组的安全、稳定运行。然而相比于钢塔,行业上缺乏对混塔风电机组塔底通风散热设计的研究。为此,从工程设计角度出发,基于CFD热仿真方法,对工程上常见的三种混塔风电机组塔底通风散热设计进行了对比研究。通过分析比较变流器进风口温度大小、塔底环境温度分布和热流线轨迹,结果表明在筒壁上安装轴流风机排风,塔门百叶窗进风的通风散热设计,在各项衡量通风散热效果的指标上均表现最佳,可作为混塔风电机组塔底通风散热设计的第一选择。

Currently,large MW mixed tower wind turbines are increasingly used in low wind speed wind farms.Similar to steel towers,high-power converters are placed on the bottom platform of the mixed tower,and their heat generation during operation cannot be ignored.The heat dissipation performance of the converter directly affects the safe and stable operation of wind turbines.However,compared to steel towers,there is a lack of research on the design of ventilation and heat dissipation at the bottom of mixed tower wind turbines in the industry.Therefore,this article starts from the perspective of engineering design and uses CFD thermal simulation method to compare and study the three common bottom ventilation and heat dissipation designs of mixed tower wind turbines.By analyzing and comparing the temperature at the inlet of the converter,the temperature distribution at the bottom of the tower,and the trajectory of the heat flux line,the results show that the ventilation and heat dissipation design of installing axial flow fans for exhaust on the cylinder wall and louvers for intake at the tower door performs the best in various indicators,and can be used as the first choice for the tower bottom ventilation and heat dissipation design of mixed tower wind turbines.