采前柰李果肉褐化现象与果园土壤营养因子、叶片元素含量的相关性分析

Correlation Analysis Between Probability of Internal Browning Occurrence and Soil Nutritional Factors and Leaf Element Contents in Pre-harvest Prunus salicina var.cordata

为研究柰李果肉褐化发生与发展机理,分析褐化现象发生与果实成熟期微环境以及果园土壤营养元素、叶片元素的相关性。以广东省乐昌市15个果园为试验园,采集柰李果实并按照褐变情况分类,对果园的土壤营养因子含量、叶片元素含量进行测定,并使用软件对数据进行统计和分析。结果显示,成熟期套袋柰李果肉褐化率显著增加,且果袋越厚发生褐化现象越严重;同时低海拔果园柰李果肉褐化率较高。相较于高褐化率(>20%)的果园,低褐化率果园土壤条件更优渥,如有机质含量、大量元素、中微量元素均显著较高。相关性分析显示,柰李果肉褐化率与土壤pH、速效磷、镁元素、铁元素、铜元素以及叶片镁元素呈正相关,与土壤有机质、钙元素、锌元素、锰元素、硼元素呈负相关。因此,降低果实成熟过程中果园环境温度,提升土壤pH、有机质、钙、硼等元素的含量,可能有助于降低果肉褐化率。

This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and development mechanism of internal browning in Prunus salicina var.cordata,specifically focusing on the impact of environmental factors,soil nutritional factors,and leaf mineral element contents on P.salicina var.cordata internal browning.Orchards with varying degrees of P.salicina var.cordata fruit internal browning at different elevations were selected for investigation.The results indicated that the bagged treatment significantly increased internal browning,and thicker fruit bagging treatments exhibited more severe internal browning than non-bagged treatments.Additionally,there was an observed increase in internal browning at lower altitudes.Furthermore,orchards with a lower incidence of internal browning demonstrated better soil conditions,with a significant increase in the content of organic matter and various elements.Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between the incidence of internal browning and the contents of soil pH,phosphorus,magnesium,iron,copper in soil,and magnesium in leaves.Conversely,the contents of soil organic matter,calcium,zinc,manganese,and boron in soil were significantly negatively correlated with the incidence of internal browning.Finally,appropriately reducing orchard ambient temperature during fruit ripening and increasing the content of organic matter,soil pH,calcium,and boron in soil may reduce the incidence of internal browning.