泰州市凤凰河水系水生植物调查与群落结构分析

Investigation and community structure analysis of aquatic plantsin the Fenghuang River system of Taizhou City

为明确凤凰河水系水生植物的多样性现状,于2023年在凤凰河5大景区设置样方90个,对水系内水生植物种类、应用频度以及水生植物群落数量进行了调查、并对其群落结构及景观特征进行了分析。结果表明:(1)90个样方记录水生植物81种,分属于44科73属。其中湿生植物47种,挺水植物17种,浮水植物4种,漂浮植物7种,沉水植物6种。其中应用种类最多的科是禾本科(10种),其次是菊科(4种)、蓼科(5种)和莎草科(4种)。(2)泰州凤凰河水系90个样方中,挺水植物重要值最高的是荷花,湿生植物中重要值最高的是芦苇。(3)泰州市凤凰河水系水生植物应用存在品种丰富、地方品种应用广泛等特点,但也存在冬季水系景观效果差、常用物种过度集中、外来生物入侵等问题,因此在未来的水景建设中需进一步改善。

In order to clarify the diversity status of aquatic plants in the Fenghuang River system,a survey was conducted in 2023 on the species,application frequency,and number of aquatic plant communities in the water system,and their community structure and landscape characteristics were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)In a total of 90 sample plots surveyed and analyzed in the Fenghuang River system in Taizhou,81 species of aquatic plants were recorded,belonging to 73 genera,44 families.Among them,47 species of hygrophytes,17 species of emergent plants,4 species of floating plants,7 species of fluitantes,and 6 species of submerged plants were recorded.The family with the most application types is Poaceae(10 species),followed by Asteraceae(4 species),Polygonaceae(5 species),and Cyperaceae(4 species);(2)Among these plots,Nelunbo sp.had the highest importance value among emergent equatic plants while Phragmites had the highest importance value among hygrophytes;(3)The application of aquatic plants in the Fenghuang River system had the characteristics of rich variety and widely-used local varieties.However,there were also problems such as poor winter water landscape effect,excessive concentration of commonly used species,and invasion of foreign organisms.Therefore,further improvement is needed in future water landscape construction.