区县尺度下的河流健康状况综合评价研究--以北京市延庆区为例

Research on Comprehensive Assessment of River Health at District and Country Scale--A Case of Yanqing District in Beijing

延庆区是首都生态涵养区,开展延庆区河流健康状况综合评价,以期为延庆区水生态环境管理提升提供参考。选择延庆区妫水河、白河等5条主要河流,于2021年、2022年开展11个样点调查研究,结果显示:2021年和2022年11个点位均处于健康水平,且整体上2022年较2021年有小幅提升;妫水河下游、三里河上游、蔡家河下游3个点位虽处于健康等级,但评分较低,主要制约因素为生物因素;延庆区水生态健康状况较好,但水生生物多样性和稳定性存在短板。从优化生物群落结构、增加水生植被盖度,建立水生态监测与预警机制等角度提出延庆区水生态改善对策。

The comprehensive assessment of riverhealth in Yanqing District,anecological conservation area in Beijing,will provide reference for themanagement and improvement of water ecological environment.Data from eleven sampling points in five major rivers including Guishui River and Bai River in Yanqing District in 2021 and 2022were selected for surveys and studies.The results showed that 11 sampling sites in 2021 and 2022 were at healthy level,and overall there was a slight improvement in 2022 compared with 2021.Although three sampling sites in the lower Guishui River,upper Sanli River and lower Caijia River were at health level,their scores were low due to the main limiting biological factor.The river ecology in Yanqing District was in good condition,but there were shortcomings in aquatic biodiversity and stability.The countermeasures of water ecology improvement in Yanqing District are put forward from the perspectives of optimizing the structure of biological community,increasing the coverage of aquatic vegetation,and establishing the mechanism of water ecology monitoring and early warning.