石墨尾矿的热活化及活性分析

Analysis of Thermal Activation and Activity of Graphite Tailings

石墨尾矿长期堆积不仅占用了大量的农林用地,对生态环境产生极其不利的影响,还易对水土造成严重污染。利用黑龙江省鹤岗萝北县的石墨尾矿为原材料进行高温烧,通过强碱溶出法、X射线衍射、红外光谱分析、扫描电镜等表征手段,明确了高温热活化对于石墨尾矿活性激发的有效性。实验表明,当熳烧温度为750℃时,石墨尾矿中无定形的氧化硅与氧化铝含量最高,此时火山灰活性最大,且放射性明显降低。将石墨尾矿替代河砂制备水泥砂浆应用于建筑行业中,从而实现减量化、无害化、资源化的高效利用。

The long-term accumulation of graphite tailings not only occupies a large amount of agriculture and forestry land,which has an extremely unfavorable impact on the ecological environment,but also is prone to cause serious pollution to soil and water.The graphite tailings from Luobei County,Heilongjiang Province,are used as raw materials for high-temperature calcination,and the effectiveness of high-temperature thermal activation for the activation of graphite tailings is clarified by means of strong alkali dissolution,X-ray diffraction,infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy,etc.The experiments show that the contents of amorphous silicon oxide and alumina content in graphite tailings are the highest when the calcination temperature is 750°C,and the volcanic ash activity is the largest and the radioactivity is significantly reduced.The graphite tailings can be used to replace river sand in the preparation of cement mortar in the construction industry,thus realizing the efficient use of reduction,harmlessness and reclamation.