老年人健康资源与生命质量关系:SOC策略及其分策略中介效应探究

The relationship between health resources and quality of life in the elderly:investigating the mediating effects of SOC strategies and their sub-strategies

目的探究老年人健康资源与其生命质量之间的关系,并分析选择、优化和补偿策略(the strategy of selection,optimization,and compensation,SOC)及其分策略(选择性选择、丧失性选择、优化、补偿策略)在此关系中的作用机制。方法采用随机抽样方法,从上海市老年大学中抽取1199名学员,使用简明生活质量健康资源量表、SOC量表和生命质量量表进行调查,并进行数据分析。结果健康资源与生命质量、选择性选择、丧失性选择、优化、补偿策略以及SOC策略总分均有相关性(r值分别为0.681、-0.161、0.070、0.349、0.266、0.152,P均<0.05)。生命质量与丧失性选择、优化、补偿策略以及SOC策略总分均呈正相关(r值分别为0.243、0.476、0.428、0.356,P均<0.05)。SOC策略在健康资源对生命质量的影响中起到部分中介效应(中介效应值为0.032);健康资源还通过选择性选择、丧失性选择、优化、补偿策略对老年人生命质量产生平行的部分中介效应(中介效应值分别为0.007、0.006、0.043、0.033)。结论合理有效运用SOC策略,可以针对性地调节老年人健康资源,进而提升其生命质量。

Objective To explore the relationship between health resources and quality of life in the elderly,and to analyze the mediating effects of(the strategy of selection,optimization,and compensation,SOC)strategies and their sub-strategies(selective optimization,loss-based selection,optimization,and compensation).Methods A total of 1199 participants from Shanghai University for the Aged were randomly sampled and surveyed using the 12-item medical outcomes study short form health survey,SOC Scale,and Quality of Life Scale.The data were then analyzed.Results Health resources were significantly correlated with quality of life(r=0.681),selective selection(r=-0.161),loss-based selection(r=0.070),optimization(r=0.349),compensation strategies(r=0.266),and the total SOC score(r=0.152,all P<0.05).Quality of life was positively correlated with loss-based selection(r=0.243),optimization(r=0.476),compensation strategies(r=0.428),and the total SOC score(r=0.356,all P<0.05).The SOC strategy partially mediated the relationship between health resources and quality of life(mediation effect=0.032).Health resources also had parallel partial mediating effects on quality of life through selective selection,loss-based selection,optimization,and compensation strategies(mediation effcct=0.007,0.006,0.043 and 0.033,respectively).Conclusion Reasonable and effective application of selection,optimization and compensation strategies can help adjust health resources for the elderly,and significantly improve their quality of life.