水环境中金属基纳米颗粒的环境行为及表征方法研究进展

Research progress on the environmental behaviors and characterization methods of metal-based nanoparticles in aquatic environment

随着纳米技术的飞速发展,金属基纳米颗粒广泛应用于生产、生活的各个领域,最终通过各种途径进入环境。金属基纳米颗粒通过团聚、沉降、离子释放等环境行为,在环境介质及生物体之间迁移、转化,最终给生态环境和人类健康带来潜在风险。对金属基纳米颗粒进行表征,是了解其污染现状、赋存特征的重要手段。因此,综述了水环境中金属基纳米颗粒的环境行为及表征方法,分析其环境行为的影响因素及表征方法的优缺点,为环境中纳米颗粒的污染监测、转化归趋及生态毒理研究提供基础资料。

With the rapid development of nanotechnology,metal-based nanopaticles are widely used in various fields of production and life,and eventually enter the environment through various ways.Metal-based nanoparticles will migrate and transform between the environmental media and organisms through environmental behaviors such as agglomeration,sedimentation,ion release,and so on,ultimately bringing potential risks to the ecological environment and human health.Characterizing the metal-based nanoparticles in the environment is an important means to understand its pollution status and occurrence characteristics.The present article provided a comprehensive review on the environmental behaviors and characterization methods of metal-based nanoparticles in aquatic environment.The article also analyzed the influencing factors impacting their environmental behaviors,as well as the advantages and disadvantages associated with these characterization methods.This study aimed to provide essential data and theoretical insights for its monitoring of pollution,transformation and fates,and eco-toxicology in the environment.