江苏省地表水和周边养殖池塘抗生素赋存特征及生态风险评估

Distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of antibiotics in surface water and surrounding aquaculture ponds of Jiangsu Province

抗生素广泛存在于养殖水体和地表水中,采用超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆质谱法对江苏7市地表水和养殖水体中7类56种抗生素进行分析,研究其时空变化特征,采用风险商值法开展生态风险评估。结果表明,地表水、养殖水体中分别有55、53种抗生素检出,地表水中检出率和平均值最高的抗生素分别为氟苯尼考(FFC)、泰乐菌素(TS),养殖水体中则分别为林可霉素(LCM)、FFC,地表水中林可酰胺类(LAs)和β-内酰胺类(β-Ls)浓度与养殖水体中呈显著相关性。地表水和养殖水体中抗生素浓度分别在6、9月达到峰值,分别呈枯水期>丰水期>平水期和丰水期>平水期>枯水期的特点;地表水中抗生素浓度总体具有苏北>苏中>苏南、沿海城市>内陆城市、淮河流域>长江流域的特征,南通养殖水体中抗生素浓度最高。地表水和养殖水体中抗生素整体处于低风险水平,但部分区域存在一定风险。

Antibiotics are widely found in aquaculture water and surface water.56 antibiotics of 7 classes in surface water and aquaculture water of 7 cities in Jiangsu were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry to research the time variation trend and regional distribution characteristics of antibiotics.Ecological risk assessment of antibiotics was evaluated by risk entropy method.Results showed that 55 and 53 kinds of antibiotics were detected respectively in surface water and aquaculture water.Florfenicol(FFC)and tylosin(TS)showed the highest detection rate and concentration in surface water,so as lincomycin(LCM)and FFC in aquaculture water.The concentrations of lincoamides(LAs)andβ-lactams(β-Ls)in surface water wre significantly correlated with those in aquaculture water.Antibiotics concentration in surface water and aquaculture water reached the peak value in June and September successively,showing the characteristics of low flow period>abundant flow period>normal flow period in surface water and abundant flow period>normal flow period>low flow period in aquaculture water.The overall concentration of antibiotics in surface water had the characteristics of northern Jiangsu>central Jiangsu>southern Jiangsu,coastal cities>inland cities,the Huai River Basin>the Yangtze River Basin.The highest concentration of antibiotics in aquaculture water occured in Nantong.Antibiotics in surface water and aquaculture water were generally at a low-risk level,but there were certain risks in some areas.