红外辅热对堆肥反应器处理厨余垃圾的影响研究

Influence of infrared-assisted heating on treating food waste in composting reactors

开发了一种红外辅热厨余垃圾(FW)堆肥反应器,通过红外辅热延长高温期,实现FW堆料高温腐熟,促进有机氮(Org-N)合成。高温期结束时(第17天),红外辅热堆肥反应器堆料的种子发芽指数(GI)达到91.0%±8.3%,腐殖酸质量浓度为(383.3±7.7) g/kg,总凯氏氮(TKN)和Org-N质量浓度分别为(15.92±0.82)、(15.61±0.81) g/kg。红外辅热促进细菌中芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)和假黄单胞菌属(Pseudoxanthomonas)以及真菌中曲霉菌属(Aspergillus)和念球菌属(Candida)等半纤维素降解和纤维素降解功能菌属的增殖。高温腐熟过程腐殖质的形成与溶解性芳香化合物聚合和Org-N合成直接相关。红外辅热可明显提高具有促进堆料腐熟、溶解性芳香化合物聚合和Org-N合成功能的细菌菌属的多样性,并降低具有抑制上述功能的真菌菌属的多样性。

A composting reactor with infrared(IR)-assisted heating was set up to treat food waste(FW).The thermophilic maturation of composting materials was achieved and organic nitrogen(Org-N)synthesis was promoted by extending the thermophilic stage with IR-assisted heating.At the end of the thermophilic stage(the 17th day),the seed germination index(GI)of composting materials in the IR-assisted heat composting reactor reached 91.0%±8.3%,the humic acid content was(383.3±7.7)g/kg,and the total kjeldahl nitrogen(TKN)and Org-N contents were(15.92±0.82)and(15.61±0.81)g/kg,respectively.The proliferation of hemicellulose-degrading and cellulose-degrading functional genera were promoted by IR-assisted heating,such as Bacillus and Pseudoxanthomonas in bacteria and Aspergillus and Candida in fungi.The polymerization of soluble aromatic compounds and the Org-N synthesis were directly linked to the humic substance formation during the thermophilic humification.The diversity of bacterial genera with the functions of promoting the material maturation,the soluble aromatic compound polymerization and the Org-N synthesis was significantly increased by IR-assisted heating,but the diversity of fungal genera inhibiting the above functions was significantly reduced.