唐山钢铁行业运输过程的减排潜力评估

Assessment of emission reduction potential in the transportation process of the steel industry in Tangshan City

基于企业调研和门禁过车辆次等数据,使用“自下而上”的方法,从用车企业端估算了唐山主要钢铁行业运输过程所产生的污染物排放情况,并评估了减排潜力。结果表明:2022年唐山22家主要钢铁企业上游铁矿石运输量为1.84×10^(8) t,下游钢铁产品运输量为1.18×10^(8) t,主要往来于唐山港。22家钢铁企业上、下游运输方式均以公路运输为主,清洁运输方式(电动货车、铁路运输和皮带通廊运输)的货运周转量占比在70%以上;从企业过车数据看,电动车的使用次数已超过传统燃料车辆;传统柴油车以国Ⅴ和国Ⅵ车辆为主,产生的氮氧化物(NO_(x))、CO、碳氢化合物(HC)、可吸入颗粒物(PM_(10))和细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))年排放总量分别为1 112.5、208.7、25.4、13.9、12.6 t。现阶段唐山通过重污染天气预警管控措施可使钢铁企业运输过程的NO_(x)排放强度下降25.7%。货运全面电动化升级可实现唐山钢铁行业运输过程NO_(x)排放进一步大幅降低,减排比例预估高达73.0%,下阶段应优先引导具备减排潜力的企业推进货运电动化,从而实现进一步减排。

Based on business surveys and vehicle gate pass data,this paper built a“bottom-up”approach to estimate the air pollution emissions generated during the transportation process in the steel industry of Tangshan City,and assess the potential for emission reduction.The results indicated that,the collective upstream iron ore transportation volume for 22 major steel enterprises in Tangshan City amounted to 1.84×10^(8) t,and the downstream transportation of steel products was 1.18×10^(8) t,primarily involving movements to and from Tangshan Port in 2022.Steel enterprises primarily rely on road transportation for both upstream and downstream transportation,with clean transportation methods(electric trucks,railway transportation,and conveyor belt corridor transportation)accounting for more than 70%of the freight turnover volume.According to the corporate vehicle passage data,the usage of electric trucks had exceeded that of traditional fuel vehicles.Most traditional diesel vehicles were of ChinaⅤand ChinaⅥstages emission standards,and total emissions of NO_(x),CO,HC,PM 10 and PM_(2.5) were 1112.5,208.7,25.4,13.9 and 12.6 t respectively.At the current stage,the heavy pollution warning control measures implemented in Tangshan City could result in the reduction of NO_(x) emission intensity by 25.7%in the transportation process of steel enterprises.The full electrification of freight transportation in the future could further significantly reduce NO_(x) emissions,with an estimated reduction ratio of up to 73.0%.In the subsequent phase,priority should be given to guiding enterprises with substantial emission reduction potential to advance the electrification of their freight transportation,thereby facilitating additional emissions reductions.