自动化警察执法的法治检视——基于数据控制的视角

Examination of the Rule of Law in Automated Police Administrative Enforcement from the Perspective of Data Control

自动化技术在警察执法中的应用,带来了一系列的法治隐忧,其行政过程面临着授权机制、组织机制、程序机制、价值机制等各方面的挑战。为此,需要以过程论为框架对自动化警察执法进行重构,以数据-行为的二元控制论代替单一的行为控制论。数据-行为的二元控制论由事前的机制构建、事中的数据过程法治化以及事后的数据关系形成三大要件组成。因此,应从数据权力的源头控制出发,对自动化警察执法的数据基准进行法治审查,同时强化公安机关的数据能力建设,并进一步完善正当行政程序体系与裁量控制体系,构建自动化警察执法的法律监督机制,以实现自动化警察执法的法治化。

The application of automation technology in police administrative enforcement has brought a series of hidden worries about the rule of law,and its administrative process faces many problems in authorization mechanism,organization mechanism,procedure mechanism,value mechanism,etc.Therefore,it is necessary to reconstruct automated police administrative enforcement with process theory as the frame and to replace single behavioral cybernetics with data-behavior dual cybernetics,which consists of three major elements:pre-mechanism construction,legalization of data process and post-data relationship formation.Therefore,it is suggested to start from the source control of data power and carry out law review on the data benchmark of automated police law enforcement.At the same time,the data capacity building of public security organs should be strengthened,the due administrative procedure system and discretionary control system should be further improved,so as to build the legal supervision mechanism of automated police law enforcement,and realize the rule of law of automated police administrative enforcemtnt.