2000-2018年吕梁市土地利用结构变化及其驱动力分析

Analysis of land use structure changes and driving forces in Lvliang city from 2000 to 2018

[目的]提高土地利用效率,进行土地利用结构变化及其驱动力分析研究,有利于实现吕梁市土地资源的合理分配利用。[方法]本研究选取山西省吕梁市为研究对象,基于Landsat 8遥感影像,利用信息熵(H)、均衡度(J)、优势度(I)、动态度(K)等土地利用指标以及土地利用类型转换矩阵,分析该地区自2000年至2018年的土地利用结构变化。[结果](1)2000-2010、2010-2018以及2000-2018年间,吕梁市土地利用类型以耕地、林地和草地等农业用地为主,其它类型土地面积较小,但耕地和林地面积逐渐减小,建设用地和未利用地面积不断增加,其中以建设用地面积增幅最大;(2)吕梁市土地利用H和J均呈“快速增长-稳步增长”的发展态势,而I则“持续降低”,表明2000-2018年间吕梁市土地利用结构变化较大,土地利用结构趋于均衡;(3)吕梁市近20 a间有487.06 km^(2)耕地和413.98 km^(2)林地等农业用地转变为其它用地类型,其中以向建设用地转变为主,另有0.23 km^(2)农业用地转变为未利用地;(4)人口增长、经济发展、政府规划以及城镇化驱动均对吕梁市土地利用结构调整产生了巨大影响。[结论]应加大土地开垦以及退耕还林还草力度,同时提高农、林业投入力度(人力、物力、财力等),以增加耕地和林地面积。

[Objective]To improve land use efficiency,this study examined changes in land use structure and the driving forces behind them to support the rational allocation and utilization of land resources in Lvliang City.[Methods]We selected Lvliang City as the research area,using Landsat8 remote sensing imagery and land use indicators such as information entropy(H),equilibrium degree(J),dominance degree(I),and dynamic degree(K),along with a land use type transformation matrix,to analyze structural changes from 2000 to 2018.[Results]The results showed that(1)From 2000 to 2018,agricultural land types such as cultivated land,forest land,and grassland remained the predominant land use categories in Lvliang City.The areas of other land types were relatively small,but the cultivated and forest land areas gradually decreased,while the construction and unused land areas increased,with the largest increase in the of construction land area.(2)Both H and J displayed a trend of'rapid growth followed by stable growth',while I continued to decrease,indicating notable shifts in land use structure and a trend toward greater balance over the study period in Lvliang City.(3)Over the past 20 years,significant areas of agricultural land-487.06 km^(2) of cultivated land and 413.98 km^(2) of forest transitioned to other land types,with construction land as the main conversion type;Additionally,0.23 km^(2) of agricultural land transitioned to unused land;(4)Population growth,economic development,urban planning,and urbanization were major drivers impacting land use adjustment in Lvliang City.[Conclusion]It is essential to enhance land reclamation efforts,including reforestation and grassland restoration initiatives.Increased investments in agriculture and forestry(including human,material,and financial resources)are also needed to expand cultivated and forest land areas.