基于遥感生态指数分析太原市城市生态环境质量变化

Assessment of Urban Ecological Environment Quality Change in Taiyuan City Based on Remote Sensing Ecological Index

利用Landsat遥感影像,基于绿度、湿度、干度、热度,构建遥感生态指数(RSEI),定量揭示太原市城六区2004—2020年生态环境质量空间分布与变化,并对其影响因素进行分析。结果表明:2004年、2010年、2020年RSEI均值分别为0.267、0.324、0.345,呈上升趋势,上升速率为0.046/10a,生态环境质量整体向好的趋势发展。太原市城六区生态环境质量呈“川”字形格局,东西部的好,中部的较差,万柏林区在城六区中生态环境质量最好,小店区的最差。土地利用类型改变和人类经济活动是影响生态环境质量的重要原因。2004—2010年生态环境质量改善面积占比达52.50%,2010—2020年51.45%的区域生态环境质量未发生变化,24.89%的区域向好的方向发展;2010—2020年生态环境质量变差面积占比由2004—2010年的9.69%增加至23.66%,因城市发展政策向南倾斜,使生态恶化区域重点向南发展。

Using the Landsat remote sensing images and the four elements of greenness,wetness,dryness and heat,this paper constructs a Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI)to quantitatively reveal the spatial distribution and changes of the ecological environment quality in the six districts of Taiyuan City from 2004 to 2020,and also analyzes their impact factors.The results show that the annual mean values of RSEI in 2004,2010 and 2020 were 0.267,0.324 and 0.345,respectively,with an increasing rate of 0.046 per decade.The overall quality of the ecological environment in Taiyuan has been developing in an improving trend.The ecological environment quality in the six districts of Taiyuan shows up a“positive-negative-positive”pattern,which means that the quality of the ecological environment in the east and west of the city is good,but that of the central part is poor.Among the six districts,Wanbailin district has the best ecological environment quality,while Xiaodian district has the worst.The change in land use types and the human economic activities are important factors affecting the quality of the ecological environment.The area with improved ecological environment quality from 2004 to 2010 accounted for 52.50%of the area.From 2010 to 2020,51.45%of the regional ecological environmental quality remained unchanged,and 24.89%of the regional ecological environmental quality developed in a positive trend.From 2004 to 2010,the area proportion of ecological deterioration was 9.69%,and from 2010 to 2020 it was 23.66%.Because the focus of urban development policy is on the southern part of the city now,the area of ecological deterioration is in the southern part mainly.