中国抽水蓄能发展形势和展望

Development status and outlook of pumped storage hydropower in China

加快发展抽水蓄能是构建以新能源为主体的新型电力系统的迫切要求,是保障电力系统安全稳定运行的重要支撑。综合分析了中国抽水蓄能发展的现状、资源分布特点、发展形势、发展定位及其综合效益。在政策研究的基础上,通过分析国际和国内发展现状及趋势,指出抽水蓄能在支撑风、光、核等能源大规模开发、提升电力系统灵活调节能力方面具有重要作用和价值。站点资源普查分析表明,全国共普查出资源站点1500余个,普查站点资源总规模达16亿kW/100亿kW·h。在发展定位方面,指出抽水蓄能对建设新型电力系统、构建风光蓄大型基地和流域水风光一体化基地、规模化拉动经济发展和促进乡村振兴具有重要支撑意义。结合环境效益和综合效益评估,全面论述了抽水蓄能在减少二氧化碳排放、促进电力系统安全稳定运行和经济社会发展方面的重要作用。最后,展望了抽水蓄能行业未来发展的方向,并提出了相应的行业发展建议。相关成果可为中国抽水蓄能产业高质量发展提供理论支撑和实践指导。

Accelerating the developent of pumped storage hydropower(PSH)is an urgent requirement for building a new type of power system with new energy as the main body,and is an important support for ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system.This article comprehensively analyzes the current status,resource distribution characteristics,development trends,strategic positioning,and comprehensive benefits of PSH in China.Based on policy research and analysis of international and domestic development trends,it is evident that PSH plays a crucial role and holds significant value in supporting the large-scale development of wind,solar,and nuclear energy,as well as enhancing the flexibility of the power system.PSH site resources survey has identified over 1500 sites nationwide,with a total capacity of 1.6 billion kW/10 billion kW·h.In terms of strategic positioning,PSH is vital for developing a new power system,establishing large-scale wind-solar-storage bases and integrated hydropower-wind-solar bases,driving economic growth,and supporting rural revitalization.Environmental and comprehensive benefits assessments emphasize its significant contributions to reducing CO 2 emissions,promoting secure and stable operation of power systems,and facilitating socio-economic development.Finally,we outline future directions for China′s PSH development and propose corresponding suggestions,providing theoretical support and practical guidance for better development of China′s PSH.