多约束条件下汉江雅口枢纽初期蓄水研究

Initial water storage of Yakou Project on Hanjiang River under multiple constraints

汉江中下游雅口等水库来水受上游丹江口等控制性水库调度的影响,其初期蓄水受到工程安全、库岸安全、库区浸没、生活生态生产用水、兴隆枢纽通航、水华风险等多方面制约,制定与上游来水、上下游用水等相协调的初期蓄水计划至关重要。以雅口枢纽为例,根据汉江流域特点分析了其初期蓄水的多方面制约因素,计算了受上游控制性水库调度影响的蓄水期来水流量,提出了考虑多约束条件的水库初期两阶段蓄水模型,制定了初期蓄水计划。结果表明:不同蓄水方案下雅口枢纽蓄水历时差别较小,初期蓄水对下游生活生态生产和通航用水基本无影响,但需关注长期高水位运行对工程安全、防洪安全和库区安全的影响。该方法可为类似情况的水库初期蓄水计划制定提供参考。

The inflow of reservoirs such as Yakou Reservoir in the middle and lower reaches of the Hanjiang River is affected by the scheduling plans of upstream controlling reservoirs such as Danjiangkou Reservoir.Therefor its initial water storage is constrained by various factors,including engineering safety,reservoir bank safety,reservoir immersion,water use of production,living and ecology,Xinglong Project navigation,and the risk of water bloom.A coordinated initial water storage plan,taking into account inflow and water use both upstream and downstream,is crucial.This article takes the Yakou Project as an example and analyzes the various constraints on its initial water storage,based on the characteristics of the Hanjiang River Basin.It also calculates the inflow during the water storage period,which is affected by upstream controlling reservoirs,proposes a two-stage water storage model for reservoirs considering multiple constraints,and formulates an initial storage plan.The results indicate that there is little difference in the duration of water storage for the Yakou Project under different water storage schemes.The initial water storage has little impact on downstream production,living,ecology,and navigation water use,but attention should be paid to the impact of operating at a high water level for long periods on engineering safety,flood control safety,and reservoir bank safety.This method can provide a reference for the initial water storage of reservoirs in similar situations.