美国植物园园艺疗法项目设置研究与启示

Application Research and Activity Participation Experience of Horticultural Therapy Projects in American Botanical Gardens

植物园园艺疗法项目逐渐成为缓解压力、调节情绪的有效媒介。目前,国内植物园对于园艺疗法项目的设置关注较少,且多集中于植物专类园的感官体验,尚未形成支持园艺疗法项目开展的植物景观环境、园艺活动、后期管理与运维技术等多维度的宏观体系。本文选取美国28个设置园艺疗法项目的植物园作为研究对象,首先阐述美国植物园的悠久历史及其园艺疗法项目的发展情况;其次,梳理美国植物园园艺疗法项目的应用情况,具体包括感官花园、冥想花园和迷宫花园等康复花园类型,结合园艺实操、健康体验项目、园艺科普与创作等课程开展的园艺活动,并详细阐述园艺疗法场地的后期运维技术支持。最后,总结出营造良好的疗愈环境、设置充满人文关怀的园艺疗法项目、寻求高校或机构的专业合作等植物园园艺疗法项目的运营策略,以期为国内植物园该领域发展提供借鉴与参考。

Horticultural therapy programs in botanical gardens have gradually become an effective medium for stress recovery and emotion regulation.At present,domestic botanical gardens pay less attention to the horticultural therapy program,and mostly focus on the sensory experience of plant-specific gardens,and have not yet formed a multi-dimensional macro-system that supports the development of horticultural therapy programs in terms of the environment of the botanical landscape,horticultural activities,and post-management and operation and maintenance techniques.This paper selects 28 botanical gardens with horticultural therapy programs as research objects in America,and firstly expounds the long history of American botanical gardens and the development of their horticultural therapy programs;secondly,compiles the application of horticultural therapy programs in American botanical gardens,which specifically includes the types of healing gardens such as sensory gardens,meditation gardens,and labyrinth gardens,and horticultural activities carried out by the combination of horticultural labor activities,health experience programs,horticultural popularization and creation courses,as well as horticultural activities carried out by the courses.Finally,the operation strategies of horticultural therapy programs in botanical gardens,such as creating a good healing environment,setting up horticultural therapy programs full of humanistic care,and seeking professional cooperation from colleges and universities,are summarized,with a view to providing reference for the development of this field in domestic botanical gardens.