基于无迹卡尔曼滤波稀疏相位解缠的矿区大梯度形变监测方法

A large gradient deformation monitoring method for mining areas based on unscented Kalman filter sparse phase unwrapping

基于稳定点目标的时序干涉合成孔径雷达(Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar,InSAR)技术是现阶段矿区广域高精度地表形变监测的重要手段。然而,在矿区大梯度形变区域,InSAR稀疏相位解缠仍面临解缠精度低、可靠性差的难题,严重制约了矿区地表形变监测精度,针对于此,提出了一种基于无迹卡尔曼滤波稀疏相位解缠的矿区大梯度形变监测方法,并开展了口孜东矿区地表大梯度形变监测分析。该方法综合干涉相位复数稀疏特性,构建了基于vonKarman自协方差函数的Kriging稀疏干涉相位格网化插值策略,结合无迹卡尔曼滤波相位解缠技术,提出了基于Kriging插值的无迹卡尔曼滤波稀疏相位解缠方法,实现了口孜东矿区地表大梯度形变信息的精准解译。实验结果表明:提出方法可有效恢复矿区大梯度变化处的形变相位信息,较传统稀疏相位解缠方法具有更高的解缠精度及可靠性,且与相近时段水准数据对比仅存在约14 mm的均方根误差,具有相对最高的形变监测精度;此外,口孜东矿区内形变场范围近似沿140502工作面分布,36 d间隔内卫星雷达视线向最大沉降量高达135mm。研究成果为矿区大梯度地表形变的高精度监测提供了有效技术方案,可为矿区地质灾害防治提供重要数据依据。

The time series interferometric synthetic aperture radar(InSAR)technique based on the stable point targets is an important means of wide-area and high-precision surface deformation monitoring in mining areas at present.However,InSAR sparse phase unwrapping still faces the challenges of low unwrapping accuracy and poor reliability in areas with large gradient deformations in mining areas,which seriously restricts the accuracy of surface deformation monitoring in mining areas.To address these problems,a large gradient deformation monitoring method for mining areas based on unscented Kalman filter sparse phase unwrapping is proposed,and analysis of surface large gradient deformation monitoring in Kouzidong Mine Areas is carried out.This method considers the complex sparsity of interferometric phase and constructs a Kriging sparse interferometric phase grid interpolation strategy based on von Karman autocovariance function.Combined with the unscented Kalman filter phase unwrapping technique,an unscented Kalman filter sparse phase unwrapping method based on the Kriging interpolation is then proposed to achieve accurate interpretation of large gradient surface deformation in Kouzidong Mine Areas.The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively recover the deformation phase information at large gradient changes in the mining area,which have higher unwrapping accuracy and reliability than traditional sparse phase unwrapping methods.And the proposed method has only a root mean square error of about 14 mm compared with similar time period leveling data,which shows the relatively highest deformation monitoring accuracy.Additionally,the deformation field in the Kouzidong Mine Areas is approximately distributed along the 140502 working face,and the maximum subsidence in the satellite radar line of sight within 36 days is as high as 135 mm.The research results provide an effective technical solution for high-precision monitoring of large gradient surface deformation in mining areas,and can provide important data basis for geological disaster control and prevention in mining areas.