渣土资源化利用制备免烧建材技术研究进展

Research Progress in the Utilization of Waste Soil Resources to Prepare Unfired Building Materials Technology

渣土是新建或改建工程项目所产生的建筑垃圾,通过掺入水泥、工业固废等材料可制备成砖、墙板等渣土基免烧建材,实现工程渣土资源化再利用,解决渣土外运成本高和“围城”问题。本文通过对国内外相关学者关于免烧建材的相关研究进行总结归纳,探讨材料、配合比和成型工艺对免烧建材的影响。研究结果表明,渣土、污泥、飞灰以及建筑垃圾粉末均可以作为原材料进行免烧建材的制备,添加剂以水泥或矿渣、煤灰、石膏等水泥基材料为主,部分学者在此基础上添加了碱性激发剂或有机激发剂,有效地提升了免烧建材的强度。成型压力和养护条件也对免烧建材的性能有显著的影响,高成型压力的免烧建材强度显著优于一般建材的强度,蒸汽养护方式的免烧建材性能明显强于一般养护方式的免烧建材。

Waste soil is the construction waste generated from new or renovated engineering projects.By adding materials such as cement and industrial solid waste,it can be prepared into unfired building materials such as bricks and wall panels,realizing the resource utilization of engineering waste soil and solving the high transportation cost and"siege"problem of waste soil.This article summarizes the research of foreign scholars on unfired building materials,and explores the effects of materials,mix proportions,and molding processes on unfired building materials.The research results indicate that slag,sludge,fly ash,and construction waste powder can all be used as raw materials for the preparation of unfired building materials.Additives mainly include cement-based materials such as cement or slag,coal ash,gypsum,etc.Some scholars have added alkaline or organic activators on this basis,effectively improving the strength of unfired building materials.The forming pressure and curing conditions also have a significant impact on the performance of unfired building materials.The strength of high forming pressure unfired building materials is significantly better than that of general building materials,and the performance of steam curing unfired building materials is significantly stronger than that of general curing methods.