清代女性学者治学的“助力”与“阻力”——以《列女传》女性注者为中心

The Assistance and Hindrance the Female Scholars in the Qing Dynasty Faced in Their Scholarship:Centering on the Female Annotators of Lie Nv Zhuan

清代知识女性群体不断扩大,女性学者频出。通过对《列女传》的三位清代女性注者王照圆、梁端、萧道管治学著述历程的考察,沿着婚姻关系、跨时空的女性情谊、生育与疾病三条线索,发现丈夫的支持是女性学者开启学术之路的首要条件,而女学者之间的情谊能够激励、坚定彼此的创作信念,也是女性持续治学的“助力”。与之相对的是,婚后生育带来的病痛与不确定性,限制了女性学术的潜力,是她们最主要且难以抗拒的“阻力”来源。

The group of female scholars in the Qing Dynasty expanded constantly,and female scholars appeared frequently.Through the investigation of the three Qing female annotators of Lie Nv Zhuan,namely,Wang Zhaoyuan,Liang Duan,and Xiao Daoguan,and following the three clues of marital relationship,inter-temporal female friendship,and childbirth and illness,it is found that the support of husbands is the first condition for female scholars to start their academic path,and that inter-temporal female friendship among female scholars can inspire and strengthen each other’s beliefs in creativity,as well as the“assistance”for women’s sustained scholarly research.In contrast,the illness and uncertainty brought by childbearing after marriage limited women’s academic potential and was the main and irresistible source of“hindrance”for them.