蛋白质饲料资源在饲粮豆粕减量替代中的应用

The Application of Protein Feed Resources in Reducing and Replacing Feed Soybean Meal

在传统饲料配方中,豆粕因其丰富的蛋白含量和理想的氨基酸组成,被广泛应用于畜禽饲料,是重要的蛋白质饲料原料。近年来,由于我国人均耕地面积减少,存在人畜争粮问题,国内大豆产量远远不能满足我国畜牧业的发展需要,严重依赖进口。同时,由于国际形势的影响,大豆进口价格持续居高不下,制约了我国畜牧业可持续发展,急需寻找蛋白饲料原料替代豆粕,解决豆粕资源短缺问题。针对豆粕减量替代问题,文章总结了可用于替代豆粕的蛋白饲料原料,包括植物源蛋白、动物源蛋白、单细胞蛋白和发酵餐厨垃圾,介绍了不同蛋白饲料原料的营养价值以及存在的抗营养因子,分析了不同蛋白饲料原料在畜禽生产中常用的加工方式,对做好豆粕减量替代行动提供对策建议。

In traditional feed formulas,soybean meal is widely used in animal feed due to its rich protein content and ideal amino acid composition.It is considered a crucial protein feed raw material.However,the domestic soybean production in China falls short of meeting the growing demands of animal husbandry due to the reduction of arable land and the competition between human and livestock for food.Consequently,China heavily relies on soybean imports,which are often expensive due to international influences.This situation poses a challenge to the sustainable development of China's animal husbandry.Therefore,it is imperative to find alternative protein feed raw materials to replace soybean meal and address the shortage issue.This article aims to provide an overview of potential protein feed substitutes for soybean meal,including plant-derived protein,animal-derived protein,and microbial protein.It also discusses the nutritional value and existing anti-nutritional factors of different protein feed raw materials.Furthermore,the article analyzes various processing methods for these alternatives and offers recommendations and strategies for effectively reducing and replacing soybean meal in animal feed formulas.