中药五味子对南美白对虾生长性能及免疫功能的影响

Effect of Schisandra chinensis on The Growth Performance and Immune Function of Litopenaeus vannamei

为研究中草药五味子(Schisandra chinensis)对南美白对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长性能、消化酶活性及非特异性免疫相关酶活性的影响,进行了在对虾基础饲料中分别添加不同剂量的中药五味子粉的试验。试验共分4个组:C0组(对照组)饲料中不添加五味子、C1组添加1 g/kg五味子、C2组添加4 g/kg五味子、C3组添加8 g/kg五味子,试验共进行30 d。生长性能试验结果显示:试验组C1、C2、C3对虾存活率(SR)、增重率(WGR)及特定生长率(SGR)均高于C0组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);C2组终末体重(FBW)显著高于C0组(P<0.05)。消化酶活性试验结果显示:C2组南美白对虾胃淀粉酶活性显著高于C0组(P<0.05),C3组肠道淀粉酶活性显著高于C0组(P<0.05),C2组肝胰腺淀粉酶活性显著高于C0组(P<0.05)。免疫相关酶活性试验结果显示:C2组南美白对虾血清中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活性显著高于C0组(P<0.05);C1、C2组对虾血清酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性显著高于C0组(P<0.05);C2、C3组对虾血清溶菌酶(LZM)活性显著高于C0组(P<0.05),其中,C2组LZM活性高于其他各组;C1、C2、C3组对虾血清酚氧化酶(PO)活性均显著高于C0组(P<0.05)。上述试验结果表明,在饲料中添加中草药五味子可以提高南美白对虾消化酶活性、增强非特异性免疫力,其中添加4 g/kg中药五味子效果较好。

To investigate the effects of Schisandra chinensis,a traditional chinese medicinal herb,on the growth performance,digestive enzyme activity and non-specific immune related enzyme activity of Pacific white shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei,different doses of S.chinensis were added to the basic feed of shrimp.The experiment was divided into four groups:C0 group(control group)was fed with basic feed without adding S.chinensis;C1 group,C2 group and C3 group was fed with feed with 1 g/kg,4 g/kg and 8 g/kg of S.chisandra,respectively.The experiment lasted 30 days.The growth performance test results show that the survival rate(SR),weight gain rate(WGR),and specific growth rate(SGR)of shrimp in experimental groups C1,C2,and C3 were higher than those in the control group C0,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05);The final body weight(FBW)of C2 group was significantly higher than that of C0 group(P<0.05).The experimental results of the digestive enzyme activity test showed that the gastric amylase activity of C2 group was significantly higher than that of C0 group(P<0.05),and the intestinal amylase activity of C3 group was significantly higher than that of C0 group(P<0.05).The hepatopancreas amylase activity of C2 group was significantly higher than that of C0 group(P<0.05).The results of the immune related enzyme activity test showed that the alkaline phosphatase(AKP)activity in the serum of C2 group was significantly higher than that of C0 group(P<0.05);The serum acid phosphatase(ACP)activity in the C1 and C2 groups was significantly higher than that in C0 group(P<0.05);The activity of serum lysozyme(LZM)in the C2 and C3 groups was significantly higher than that in C0 group(P<0.05),among which the LZM activity in C2 group was higher than that in other groups;The serum phenolic oxidase(PO)activity of C1,C2,and C3 groups of shrimp was significantly higher than that of C0 group(P<0.05).The experimental results indicated that adding S.chinensis to feed can improve the growth performance and enhance immunity of L.vannamei.Among them,adding 4 g/kg of S.chinensis to basic feed has the best effect in enhancing non-specific immune related enzyme activity in L.vannamei.