基于心理落差测度的共识决策方法及应用

Consensus decision-making method and application based on psychological discrepancy measurement

针对目前已有群体共识研究大多都忽略了决策者心理感知和实际评价差异之间关系的不足,提出了一种基于心理落差测度的共识决策方法.首先,本文提出了空间距离测度和序测度,并基于此构建了求解决策者最优权重的线性规划模型.其次,将韦伯费希纳心理物理学定律拓展到群体共识过程之中,提出了基于群体决策的心理落差概念,并定义了心理落差测度;该测度能够较好地刻画评价差异刺激带给决策者的主观感受,进而能够量化决策者对群体意见的接受程度.在此基础上,提出了心理阈值的概念,并给出了确定心理阈值的方法;本文所提心理阈值是根据决策环境客观确定的,且能够满足不同评价层次对阈值的差异性需求.然后,设计了基于心理阈值的调整反馈机制.最后,通过物流企业智能化水平评价的案例研究和对比分析,验证了本文所提方法的可行性和有效性.

In response to the current deficiency in existing research on group consensus,which often overlooks the relationship between decision-makers' psychological perception and actual evaluation differences,this paper proposes a consensus decision-making method based on psychological discrepancy measurement.Firstly,spatial distance measurement and ordinal measurement are introduced,upon which a linear programming model is constructed to determine the optimal weights of decision-makers.Secondly,Weber-Fechner's psychophysics laws are extended to the process of group consensus,introducing the concept of psychological discrepancy based on group decision-making and defining the psychological discrepancy measurement.This measurement effectively captures the subjective perceptions of decision-makers regarding evaluation differences,thereby quantifying their acceptance of the group opinions.Furthermore,the concept of psychological threshold is proposed,along with a method to determine the psychological threshold.The proposed psychological threshold is objectively determined based on the decision-making environment and accommodates the varying threshold requirements for different evaluation levels.Subsequently,an adjustment feedback mechanism based on the psychological threshold is designed.Finally,the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are validated through a case study and comparative analysis on the evaluation of the logistics company's level of intelligence.